Ngaphakathi kwamalulwane kukho iindidi ezininzi. Ezinye zazo zikhulu, ezinye zincinci, kwaye nganye ineendlela zayo zokuziphatha. Uninzi lwamalulwane athanda izinambuzane, amanye atya iziqhamo, kwaye ambalwa kakhulu afunxa igazi kwiqela elincinane lezilwanyana ezanyisayo. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ngeMyotis bechsteinii.
Igama lenzululwazi lesi silwanyana lanikwa imbeko kuBechstein, isazi sendalo saseJamani kunye nengcali yamahlathi eyayiphila ukususela ngo-1757 ukuya ku-1822. Esi silwanyana sanyisayo sibhabha ngokuqhelekileyo saziwa ngokuba lilulwane. Luhlobo losapho lweVespertilionidae.
Inkcazo yeMyotis bechsteinii
Eli lulwane linobukhulu obuphakathi obuphakathi kwama-23 nama-26 eemilimitha. Ubunzima besi silwanyana ngokuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwe-7 kunye ne-14 grams. Iindlebe zayo zithe ukuba nkulu kunamanye amalulwane akwi genus Myotis, kwaye zinde kwaye zibanzi. Ukongezelela, zihlulwe kwisiseko kwaye zinee-folds ezisithoba ezifunyenwe ngokunqamlezayo kumda wangaphandle. Zikwanazo negwinya elide elimile njengelancethi.
Ngokuphathelele uboya bayo, bude kwaye ngelixa bunjaloUmqolo umdaka omnyama, isisu singwevu. Noko ke, amantshontsho aqanduselweyo angwevu ngokupheleleyo ngombala. Olu didi lwelulwane lune-spur ethe tye esisiqingatha ukuya kwisinye kwisithathu ubude be-uropatagium, inwebu ephakathi kwamalungu angasemva kunye nomsila. Ngokuphathelele i-plagiopatagium, eyinwebu edibanisa amalungu angasemva ngomnwe wokugqibela, iqala kwisiseko seminwe. Ukongezelela, i-vertebra yakhe yokugqibela ye-caudal ikhululekile.
[i-url enxulumeneyo=»https://infoanimales.net/murcielagos/cria-de-murcielago/»]
Njengamanye amalulwane amaninzi, iMyotis bechsteinii Isebenzisa i-echolocation ukuziqhelanisa. Yinkqubo ezinye izilwanyana eziyisebenzisayo ukuze zibone indawo ezikuyo zize ziziqhelanise ngokukhupha izandi. Olu hlobo lisebenzisa amaza ajikeleza phakathi kwe-35 kunye ne-108 kHz. Xa izikhupha, zifikelela kumandla aphezulu xa ziku-61 kHz. Ukongeza, ubude bayo obuphakathi yi-3,3 milliseconds.
Ukuzala kunye nokutyisa
Iingcali ziye zaphawula ukuba kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, iMyotis bechsteinii iqala ukuzala ukusuka ekwindla ukuya entwasahlobo. Phakathi kokuphela kuka-Aprili noMeyi, la malulwane ahlala kwiindawo zokuzalela. Ngokuphathelele ixesha lokuzala, iqala phakathi kukaJuni noJulayi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimazi zizala ithole elinye elibhabha okokuqala ngenyanga ka-Agasti. Nangona kunjalo, iminyaka abafikelela ngayo ekukhuleni ngokwesondo ayaziwa.
Phakathi kwezinto ezixhaphakileyo ze-buzzard bat yehlathi, ukuba yi-insectivorous, zi ooqongqothwane, amanundu kunye nezinye izinambuzane. Ukuze izizingele, ibhabha iye kwindawo esezantsi ize izibambele phantsi naphakathi kwamagqabi emithi.
Ukusasazwa kweMyotis bechsteinii
Ilulwane lempuku yehlathi lihlala kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwilizwekazi laseYurophu: Armenia, Austria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, France, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Germany, Italy, Iran, Liechtenstein, Moldova, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Portugal, Poland, Netherlands, Russia, Romania, Serbia, ISlovenia, iSlovakia, iSwitzerland, iSweden, iUkraine, iTurkey, iUnited Kingdom kunye neSpain.
Kwilizwe lethu, iMyotis bechsteinii luhlobo olunqabileyo kodwa lufumaneka kwindawo enkulu ye-Iberia Peninsula. E-Andalusia kukho amaziko amane azimeleyo abantu abahluke kakhulu omnye komnye. Ezi nuclei zifumaneka kwiSierras de Cazorla, Las Villas, Segura, Huéscar kunye neCastril ngokuqhubekayo. Ukongeza, ukubonwa kuye kwenziwa kwiSierra de Baza. Ngokumalunga nommandla weCazorla, ilulwane lebhuzzard yehlathi lihlala lihleli ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye lixhaphake kakhulu xa lithelekiswa nalo lonke usasazo eSpain.
Indawo yokuhlala
Njengoko igama layo libonisa, ilulwane i-buzzard yehlathi lihlala emahlathini ahlangabezana neempawu eziyimfuneko ekuphuhliseni. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka babe nobukhulu obuncinane beehektare ezingama-25. Kunqabile kakhulu ukubona iMyotis bechsteinii ngaphandle kwamahlathi ehlala kuwo. Ngokubanzi, olu hlobo lwelulwane iindlwane kwizigodo ezingenanto. Noko ke, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukufumana ilulwane lempuku yehlathi emingxunyeni eyenziwe ngamaplanga, ngakumbi kwimithi yothuthu nemi-oki.
[i-url enxulumeneyo=»https://infoanimales.net/murcielagos/murcielago-de-la-herradura/»]
Iindawo zokuhlala esifumaneka kuzo esi silwanyana emini nangexesha lokuzalela ubukhulu becala zenziwe yimithi yamahlathi asele ekhulile. Oku kuthetha imithi enezikhondo ezinde, ezindala okanye ezifileyo. Njengoko sinokufumanisa kwezi datha, ihlathi le-Peninsula yase-Iberia njengeQuercus canariensis kunye neQuercus faginea oak groves, kunye namahlathi e-Meditera pine pines enziwe nge-endemic black pines abaluleke kakhulu kulondolozo lweMyotis bechsteinii. Zombini zithathwa njengeendawo zokuhlala ezisesichengeni kakhulu kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nezinto eziphambili ngolondolozo. Ukuba le mimandla mibini yehlathi iyanyamalala, ilulwane elihlala emahlathini liya kutshabalala eSpeyin.
Ukusuka kwi-European Habitats Directive, iMyotis bechsteinii ithathwa njengesilwanyana esikhuselweyo. Ngenxa yokunqaba kolu didi lwelulwane, amahlathi ahlala kuwo abe ziiNdawo zase-UK ezinomdla okhethekileyo weSayensi. Ukongeza, icinga ukubanika imali yokufunda evela kwiNdalo yaseNgilani ukuze baqinisekise ukhuseleko lwabo.