El indlu undlunkulu yiklasikhi. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uhambe uye kwindawo yehlabathi apho ungaboni ngqatyana. Kwaye kukuba unentaka ehlala intaphane yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zendalo. Iyakwazi ukuhlala zombini emahlathini, ejikelezwe yimithi yendalo, kwiidolophu ezinkulu ezihlala phakathi kwezindlu kunye nezakhiwo. Yeyosapho lwakwaPasseridae nakwindlela yamaPasseridae. Luhlobo lwemveli lwe-Eurasia kunye nommandla osemantla weAfrika. Yenye yezona ntaka zaziwayo kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela zonke iimpawu, indawo yokuhlala, ukondla kunye nokuzala intlunkulu yendlu.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Iluhlobo lwentaka encinci, efikelela malunga neesentimitha ezili-15. Kukho i-dimorphism encinci yezesondo eyenza ukuba ibhinqa lilinganise kancinci. Ubunzima bezi ntaka phantse abukho. Zinobunzima obumalunga ne-30 grams, nokuba unesakhiwo esomeleleyo. Banemilenze emifutshane kodwa eqinile. Ngokuqhelekileyo ziba mdaka ngemigca emnyama ngaphezulu kunye nemhlophe esiswini. Entloko inamabala anemithunzi eyahlukeneyo engwevu.
Umlomo wezi ntaka womelele kwaye ungqindilili kwaye umile okwekhokone. Bayisebenzisela ukutya nokuzikhusela kuhlaselo lwamarhamncwa. Amehlo azo amancinci angwevu awenza akhawuleze ukubhabha. Inkunzi inomchebi omnyama othi a indawo emnyama ephuma emqaleni, entanyeni nangasentla esifubeni. Olunye lweempawu ezibalaseleyo kwindlela eziziphatha ngayo ezi zilwanyana kukuba azihambi. Ukuze bakwazi ukuhamba emhlabeni, kufuneka benze imitsi emincinci ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye.
Sisilwanyana esingxolayo kwaye sikhupha iingoma ezihlekisayo ukutsala ingqalelo yomntu wonke. Ukukhululeka okuziqhelanisa ngokulula neemeko ezahlukeneyo yinto eyenze ukuba ikwazi ukusasazeka phantse kwihlabathi liphela. Sisilwanyana esixhathisa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye siyazikhusela ngokungqongqo kuso nasiphi na isoyikiso.
Ukondla undlunkulu wendlu
Ungqatyana wendlu utya ngokulula. Phantse yonke into ilungile ukwanelisa ukulamba kwakho. Ngoko ke, ayisosilwanyana esifuna kakhulu ngokutya. Itya kakhulu imbewu, iintyatyambo, iziqhamo, izinambuzane ezincinci, amabhabhathane kunye nenkunkuma yabantu. Kukho uhlobo ubudlelwane phakathi koongqatyana kunye nabantu olwaziwa ngokuba yi-commensalism. UCommensalism lolo budlelwane apho umntu angaphumeleli okanye aphulukane nendlu yolwaphulo-mthetho ungqatyana uyaxhamla. Ngokomzekelo, xa sivuthulula iimvuthuluka zesonka, akuncedi okanye kube yingozi kuthi ukuba oongqatyana kwiimvuthuluka zethu. Nangona kunjalo, kubo kuyinzuzo kuba bafumana ukutya.
Yintaka exhomekeke kakhulu emntwini, ekubeni ukuphila kwayo kuxhomekeke kwisenzo somntu. Oku kuthetha ukuba asiyontaka enokuhlala kwindawo ekungahlalwa kuyo.
Ukuziphatha kunye nezoyikiso
Ezi zilwanyana zidityanisiwe zenza amaqela amaninzi ngababini. Zizintaka zomfazi omnye, ngoko xa zifumene iqabane zichitha ubomi bazo bonke kunye nazo. Undlunkulu ukrelekrele kakhulu kwaye uyakuthanda ukucula kakhulu. Ngenxa yalo mkhwa wokucula, babonakalisa uvuyo yaye bayakuvuyela ukuba kunye nabantu. Omnye wemikhwa enomdla kakhulu yesi silwanyana kukuba bathanda ukuhlamba ukungcola ukucoca iintsiba kunye nolusu lwabo. Singafumana amaqela oongqatyana behlamba ezi bhafu phantsi.
Nangona ezi bhanyabhanya zilungileyo, zibonwa ezitalatweni, kwiipavumente zedolophu, kwiipaki, ezigadini nakwezinye iiyadi zesikolo. Kwezi ndawo banokwabelana ngendawo nabantwana abavuselela umdla kunye nothando kubo. Ayizontlobo ezifudukayo, ngoko ihlala kwindawo enye unyaka wonke. Kunqabile ukufumana oongqatyana ababodwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo bahlala bengamaqela ukuze bakwazi ukuzikhusela ngcono kuyo nayiphi na isoyikiso. Bancedisana nasekufumaneni ukutya nendawo yokuhlala.
Nangona iludidi olwaluphantse lwasasazeka kwihlabathi lonke kwaye lunenani elikhulu labantu, lukwanazo nezoyikiso. Kwaye kukuba ukwanda komsebenzi wezolimo kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi kwandisa ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ze-agrochemicals. Le michiza yezolimo eyaziwa ngokuba sisibulali zinambuzane, imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula kunye nezitshabalalisi zinokuzenzakalisa ezi zilwanyana xa zisitya. Ukuba ukutyalwa kweecereal kuncitshisiwe okanye kukho imfuduko yasemaphandleni nayo zonzakala kuba ibangela ukufuduka kweentaka. Kwezinye iindawo ungqatyana wendlu ugqalwa njengohlobo oluyingozi. Oku kungenxa yomonakalo abawenza kwizityalo.
Kwelinye icala, ezixekweni inani loongqatyana liyancipha xa kusenziwa amaphulo okucoca izitrato neepaki kuba ukutya kunqongophele. Singalibali ukuba ezi zilwanyana zixhomekeke ebantwini ukuze ziphile. Ubomi obude bongqatyana bumalunga neminyaka esi-8. Ukuba le meko idluliselwa ekuthinjweni, inokunyuswa ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-12.
ukuzala ungqatyana endlwini
Ezi zilwanyana zinenkqubo enika umdla yokuzala. Basebenzisa njengendawo yokuthandana ezinye iitrili ezinamandla, ukuphakama kwentloko kunye nokuvuleka kwamaphiko. Iqela loongqatyana ngabona bajongene nokwenza umboniso opheleleyo ukuqalisa umsebenzi wokuzala. Emva kwemilo ethile phakathi kweenkunzi, imazi ethandanayo ikhetha iduna eliyithandayo. Emva kokuba ekhethe indoda, isibini esimenze waba nobudlelwane bomfazi omnye ngokupheleleyo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo imazi ikhetha eyona inkulu njengoko ithathwa njengekumgangatho ophezulu. Into ebizwa ngokuba yibhibhi emnyama esikhe sayikhankanya ngaphambili, enamadoda kuphela, nayo inefuthe. Okukhona ibhibhi iphuhliswa, kokukhona inamandla okuthintela ukubanjwa kunye nokufumana indawo enkulu yokwakha indlwane. Iindlwane zidla ngokwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye yinkunzi ephethe ukuqokelela iintsiba ezininzi kangangoko ukuze izishiye zigqunywe kakuhle. Imazi iqinisekisa ukuba inendlwane eqhuma kakuhle kwaye izalela amaqanda iwafunayo. Okukhona indlwane iya kukhuseleka ngakumbi, kokukhona iya kuzala amaqanda.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nondlunkulu wendlu kunye neempawu zayo.