Ehlabathini lonke kukho iindidi zezigcawu ezingaphezu kwama-40.000 ezibhalwe kuluhlu. kuzo zonke ezo zinto iintlobo zezigcawu kukho iyantlukwano kumbala wabo, ukumila, ukutya, indawo yokuhlala kunye nokuziphatha. Kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba uninzi lwazo aluqhelekanga ngokwemo yezobume kwaye kukho netyhefu kwaye ezinkulu kakhulu.
Ngoko ke, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukukuxelela yonke into oyifunayo ukuyazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezigcawu kunye neempawu zazo.
iintlobo zezigcawu
Nangona kucacile ukuba asiyi kukwazi ukudwelisa nokuchaza zonke iintlobo zezigcawu ezikhoyo, siza kubala ezona ziziwayo okanye ezinomdla. Zonke izigcawu ziphantsi komyalelo we-Araneae kwaye zohlulwe zibe zii-suborders: I-Mygalomorphae kunye ne-Araneomorphae. Kwicandelwana ngalinye iintsapho ezahlukeneyo zezi zidalwa ziphilayo zihlelwa.
Siza kuchaza ukuba zeziphi izigcawu eziphambili ngokwamaqela kunye neempawu zazo eziphambili.
Iintlobo zezigcawu ze-suborder Mygalomorphae
Ngabo abo bakhethekileyo kunomnye ucwangco. Omnye wowona mahluko ubalulekileyo esiwufumeneyo phakathi kwala maqela mabini yindlela ichelicerae ezicwangciswe ngayo. I-chelicerae ifana nohlobo lwamazinyo, i-spikes, i-spikes okanye i-spikes ebekwe phambi komlomo wakho.. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukwahluke ukuba izibini zemilenze zisebenza ngokubhekiselele kwi-axis longitudinal yomzimba. Kwimeko yezigcawu ezingamalungu eqela leMygalomorphae, zinemilenze ehla inyuka, ihambelana ne-axis.
Apha sifumana iqela le-tarantulas. Kolu sapho kukho amalungu esona sigcawu sikhulu ehlabathini. Phakathi kwabo sifumana uGoliyati tarantula. Ludidi lwesigcawu esinemilenze eyoluliweyo efikelela kubude obuziisentimitha ezingama-25. kwaye yeyakho iminxeba izigcawu ezinkulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo bangabalinganiswa kwiifoto ezininzi zezigcawu ezinomtsalane kakhulu ukuzibona. Uninzi lwazo lunoboya kwaye lunobuchule obungaqhelekanga ekuzingeleni. Ziyakwazi ukubamba kakuhle kwiindawo ezimtyibilizi njengoko zineqoqo leenwele kwiincam zeenyawo zazo. Enye yeempawu egqame ngazo kukuba inamehlo amancinci kwaye isondelelene kakhulu. Uninzi lwezi ntlobo zinoxanduva lokugrumba imingxuma emhlabeni, nangona ezinye zazo zikwazi ukuhlala emithini.
Iintlobo zezigcawu ze-suborder Araneomorphae
Uninzi lweentlobo zesigcawu kunye neentsapho esizaziyo zikolu didi olungaphantsi. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwala maqela mabini kukuba iinzipho ziyakhula kwichelicerae kwaye ziyakwazi ukusebenza ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye. Oku akwenzeki kwabo beqela leMygalomorphae. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezo ze i-suborder i-Araneomorphae iqhubele phambili kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba bayakwazi ukwenza iindidi ezahlukeneyo zesilika kunye neentambo zesigcawu. Uninzi lweesampulu zakhe zinezitho zangasese ezintsonkothileyo kakhulu.
Siza kubona ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili eziye zale suborder.
ukutshica izigcawu
Ngabo banamehlo ama-6 kunye nekhaka le-cephalothorax libonakala lilingana nesisu. Ukuba sijonga kweli cala sibona ukuba ligqunywe ngasemva kwaye linamadlala amakhulu ukuvelisa ubuthi. Zaziwa ngegama lezigcawu ezitshicayo kuba, ngaphandle kobuhlungu, zikwakhuphela into encangathi ezithi ziyitshicele kwixhoba lazo kwimisinga emininzi egosogoso. Enkosi ngokufuduswa kwayo ngakwicala, inokunyakazisa i-chelicerae yayo ukuze iqwalasele kakuhle indlela yokufumanisa i-goo. Ngale ndlela, balawula ukubuyela kwixhoba kwiglue kumgama we-9 mm.
Esinye sezigcawu esaziwayo sokutshica sisigcawu esiqhelekileyo sokutshica. Luhlobo olungabonakaliyo kwaye zineentshukumo ezicothayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ilinganisa malunga ne-6 mm ubude kwaye inamehlo ahlelwe ngeendonga. Inekhaka elinemilo enqabileyo ecacileyo. Zinombala otyheli-mdaka kwaye zibalasele ngokuba neempawu ezimnyama kwikhaka. Ukumakisha okunjalo kunokubonwa nakwisisu kunye neminye imivimbo yombala ofanayo emilenzeni.
Bathi yenzeka kuzo zonke izigcawu ezitshicayo, imazi idla ngokuthwala ingxowa yeqanda kunye namantshontsho phakathi kwe chelicerae. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo zezigcawu, azikwazi ukuluka iintambo kwaye zihlala phantsi kwamatye, imiqolomba okanye izakhiwo. Inommandla wosasazo we-cosmopolitan. Zinokufumaneka kulo lonke ihlabathi.
izigcawu zengcuka
Phakathi kwezinye iindidi zezigcawu sifumana isigcawu esiyingcuka. Kukho ngaphezu kwe-3.000 yeendidi ezichaziweyo zezigcawu zengcuka kwihlabathi jikelele. Ngokuqhelekileyo ziba ngwevu-mdaka ngombala kwaye zithathwa njengabazingeli abasebenzayo. Ziyakwazi ukuza kulalela egqabini zonke izinambuzane ezifayo okanye ezidlula phantsi kwazo. Zibalasele ngokuhlala emhlabeni kwaye uninzi lwazo luswele indlwane. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo esijongene nazo, kukho ezinye ezinokugrumba imingxuma kwaye ziyikhusele ngesilika. Banemikhwa yasebusuku ukuze bakwazi ukuzingela.
Olunye lweempawu zolu hlobo lwesigcawu kukubona kakuhle kakhulu. Kubulela amehlo amabini amakhulu abekwe embindini wobuso. Kananjalo banamehlo amabini amancinci kumacala omabini ukuze babe nombono obanzi wokujonga.
isigcawu sokuzingela umhlaba
Olu hlobo lwesigcawu sinesisu esintsundu esintsundu kunye nekhaka kunemilenze. Idla ngokubonwa ngokulula kuba omabini aneendawo ezithile. Imazi idla ngokuba ziimilimitha ezili-13 ubude. kwaye uchitha imini yonke kwindlwane yesilika okanye phantsi kwelitye, isiqu sawo nawuphi na umthi owileyo. Kwakhona banemikhwa yasebusuku yokuzingela. Xa isiza ekukwazini ukuzingela ixhoba layo, yi-arachnid enobuchule.
Inoluhlu lwayo kwiindawo ezininzi zaseAsia nakumantla eUnited States.
Njengoko ubona, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezigcawu emhlabeni wonke kwaye sinikeze kuphela umboniso omfutshane wazo zonke iintlobo ezikhoyo. Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezigcawu ezikhoyo.