Iimpungutye zeFennec luhlobo lwempungutye efumaneka kuMntla Afrika nakwintlango yeSahara. Zezona mpungutye zincinci ehlabathini, ezinobude bomzimba obuphakathi kwe-24 kunye ne-41 cm, kunye nobunzima obuphakathi kwe-0,7 kunye ne-1,5 kg. Uboya bazo buthambile kwaye buxinene ukunceda ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba ngexesha lobusika obubandayo basentlango. Idyasi idla ngokuba ngwevu bumnyama kwaye ineempawu ezimhlophe entloko, entanyeni, nasemilenzeni yangasemva. Iindlebe zazo zinkulu xa zithelekiswa nobukhulu bomzimba wazo ukunceda ukukhupha ubushushu obugqithisileyo obuvela kwilanga elitshisayo lasentlango.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zihamba ebusuku kwaye zinokubonwa nasemini xa kukho ukutya. Ubukhulu becala zitya izinambuzane ezinjengeeqakamba, ooqongqothwane namaphela; kodwa zikwatya iziqhamo, imifuno yasendle, kwanezo zibolileyo xa zikhona. Ziqhelaniswe kakuhle ukuze ziphile kwiimeko ezome kakhulu; banokuphila ngaphandle kwamanzi iiveki ngexesha lokusela kuphela amanzi aqulethwe kumaxhoba abo okanye izityalo zasendle abazifumana endleleni yabo.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana ezihlala ziqokelelana ngokwamaqela osapho aquka inkunzi elawulayo, iimazi ezininzi ezizalayo, kunye nolutsha lwazo olusandul’ ukuzalwa. Baseka imimandla ekwabelwana ngayo ngaphakathi apho bakhusela khona ngokuchasene namanye amaqela akhuphisanayo besebenzisa amagama aneempawu ezinjengamaxolo anzulu okanye izikhalo eziphakamileyo ukuphawula imida yabo yemimandla. Iinkunzi ezilawulayo zikwasebenzisa amazwi okucula ukutsala iimazi ezizalayo ngexesha lokukhwelana phakathi kukaFebruwari noAprili nyaka ngamnye.
Izixhobo
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo zincinci zempungutye emhlabeni. Ezi zilwanyana ubukhulu becala zifumaneka kwintlango yeSahara, nangona zinokufumaneka kwezinye iindawo zoMntla Afrika nakuMbindi Mpuma. Ezi canids zincinci zinento eyodwa: iindlebe zazo ezinkulu, ezithambileyo. Iindlebe ezinkulu zibanceda ukuba bachithe ubushushu kwaye bahlale bepholile kwimozulu eshushu, ebavumela ukuba baphile kwiimeko ezinzima.
Iimpungutye ze-Fennec zinobude bomzimba obuphakathi kwe-20 kunye ne-40 cm, kunye nemisila ephakathi kwe-15 kunye ne-25 cm. Ubunzima bayo buhluka phakathi kwe-0,7 kg kunye ne-1,5 kg. Zinoboya obukhanyayo obumdaka okanye obutyheli obuneempawu ezimhlophe kwiimpumlo nasemehlweni. Imilenze yabo mifutshane kodwa yomelele ukubanceda ukubaleka ngokukhawuleza kwintlabathi yasentlango ukubaleka amarhamncwa endalo afana neeperegrine falcon, amaxhalanga egolide, kunye neengonyama.
Ukongeza kubuchule babo bokubaleka ngokukhawuleza, iimpungutye zefennec zikwangabadadi abagqwesileyo; umzimba wabo yenzelwe ukudada kakuhle nkqu emanzini anzulu. Esi sisakhono esiluncedo sokuthintela amarhamncwa aqhelekileyo asemhlabeni njengeenyoka ezinobuhlungu okanye iingwenya zeNayile ezihlala kufutshane nomlambo umNayile apho ezi zilwanyana zasendle zihlala khona.
Ngokuphathelele ukutya kwazo, ikakhulu ziqhelaniswe nokutya izinambuzane ezincinci ezinjengeembovane kunye neentshulube; nangona kunjalo, baya kudla amaqunube asendle kunye namaqanda ukuba akhona ngexesha elifanelekileyo lonyaka. Iimpungutye zeFennec ziye zabonwa zisitya i-carrion ukuba akukho okunye ukutya okukhoyo; nangona kunjalo, abaxhomekekanga ngokupheleleyo kuyo ukuze baphile, njengoko bekhetha ukukhangela amaxhoba aphilayo kunokuba afile.
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintlobo ezininzi zeenja zasendle, iimpungutye ze-fennec zihlala zodwa okanye ngababini unyaka wonke; zidibana kuphela okwexeshana ngexesha lokuzala xa zenza amaqela amakhulu osapho aquka oomama abadala kunye namantshontsho abo.
Zitya ntoni iimpungutye zefeneki?
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo zincinci zeempungutye emhlabeni. Ezi zilwanyana zifumaneka kwintlango yeSahara nakwezinye iindawo zaseAfrika, eAsia nakuMbindi Mpuma. Ziyaziwa ngobungakanani bazo obunciphileyo, uboya obusiliva-bumhlophe, kunye neendlebe ezinkulu.
Iimpungutye zeFennec ngabazingeli ababodwa ebusuku abatya izinambuzane, nangona zikwatya amaqanda, iziqhamo, kunye neempuku ezincinci. Abantu abadala banokufikelela kwi-40 cm (i-intshi ezili-16) ukusuka entloko ukuya emsileni, kunye nobunzima obuphakathi kwe-500-900 grams (1-2 pounds). Iindlebe zazo ezinkulu zizinceda ukuba zibone izandi zexhoba lazo kumgama omde.
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iimpungutye, iifeneki zihlala kumaqela osapho akhiwe yindoda elawulayo kunye neemazi ezininzi kunye namantshontsho azo. Ziqhelaniswe ukuze ziphile kwindawo ezishushu kakhulu ngenxa yoboya bazo obufutshane, obumhlophe-siliva obubonisa ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze buhlale bupholile emini. Ebusuku zifihla ngaphantsi komhlaba ukuze zizikhusele kubushushu obugqithisileyo.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana ezikrelekrele kakhulu nezingaphumliyo ezonwabisayo ngokudlala kunye okanye ngezinto ezingaqhelekanga ezinje ngeebhotile ezingenanto okanye iithoyi ezilotywa yi-humanoids. Zithathwa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ngenxa yobuhlobo kunye nobukrelekrele bazo; nangona kunjalo, zifuna ukhathalelo oluninzi njengoko zifuna indawo yokubaleka simahla njengezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya ezikhethekileyo.
Iphila njani impungutye yefeneki
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo zincinci kwaye zikhethekileyo zempungutye. Ezi zilwanyana zibonakala ngokuncipha kobukhulu bazo, iindlebe ezinkulu, noboya obumdaka ngebala. Iimpungutye zeFennec zihlala kwintlango yeSahara kuMntla Afrika, apho zichitha ixesha elininzi zikhangela ukutya kwaye ziphepha amarhamncwa.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana ezizimela zodwa ezizingela izinambuzane, nangona zikwakutya iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Ukutya kwabo okwahlukeneyo kubavumela ukuba baphile entlango namanzi amancinci akhoyo. Ezi zilwanyana zikwazi ukumelana nobushushu ngenxa yoboya bazo obushinyeneyo obubonakalisa ukukhanya kwelanga ukuze buzigcine zipholile emini. Bakwanesakhono sokuva esibalaseleyo ngenxa yeendlebe zabo ezinkulu ezivumela ukuba zive ingxolo yezinambuzane ezigqunywe phantsi kwesanti.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zihlalisana kakhulu enye kwenye kwaye zenza amaqela osapho aziwa njengemingxuma. Le mingxuma yenziwa ngamadoda aliqela asele ekhulile, iimazi ezindala, kunye namantshontsho azo. Iinkunzi ezindala zigada amantshontsho ngelixa iimazi zijongene nokuwafunela ukutya zonke ebusuku xa kupholile ngaphandle. Emini, amalungu eqela aphumla ngaphakathi kwimingxuma yawo ukuze aphephe ubushushu obugqithiseleyo basentlango.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana zasebusuku ezifuna ukutya ebusuku xa kushushu kancinci ngaphandle. Ngeli xesha baya kukhangela izinambuzane ezingcwatywe phantsi kwesanti okanye nayiphi na enye indawo efumanekayo yokutya njengamaqunube okanye imifuno yasendle. Ngamanye amaxesha bade babe nobuganga bokusondela kwiinkampu zabantu ukuze bafumane intsalela yokutya.
Nangona zincinci kakhulu, iimpungutye ze-fennec zomelele kakhulu. Ziyakwazi ukuphila ngamanzi amancinci, ilanga elininzi elithe ngqo, amaqondo obushushu ashushu kakhulu, kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu. Le yimizekelo nje embalwa yobuchule bempungutye bokuphila kwiindawo ezinobutshaba.
Mingaphi iminyaka ehlala impungutye yefeneki?
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo zincinci zeempungutye emhlabeni. Ziyazalelwa kwintlango yeSahara kuMntla Afrika kwaye zibonakala ngoboya bazo obumhlophe kunye neendlebe ezinkulu ezitsolo. Ezi zilwanyana zinobude bomzimba obuphakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-40 cm, kunye nomsila onokufikelela kwi-30 cm. Ubunzima obuphakathi buphakathi kwe-1,5 kunye ne-3 kg.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana zasebusuku, nangona zikwazi ukuzingela nasemini xa ubushushu bupholile. Ezi zilwanyana zitya ikakhulu izinambuzane ezinjengamaphela, ooqongqothwane, neentshulube; zikwatya iziqhamo ezomisiweyo, amaqanda entaka, kwanezidumbu ezifileyo. Ukukwazi kwabo ukwemba kwenza kube lula kubo ukufumana ukutya kwabo kungcwatywe emhlabeni.
Umyinge wobomi beempungutye ze-fennec ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-10-12 iminyaka ekuthinjweni; nangona kunjalo, banokuphila ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eyi-14-15 ukuba bafumana ukhathalelo olufanelekileyo. Endle, ubomi obude bunokuba buncinci ngenxa yezilwanyana zendalo okanye iimeko zemozulu ezimbi.
Uyigcina njani impungutye yefennec
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo zincinci zeempungutye emhlabeni. Ezi zilwanyana zinomzimba obhityileyo nokhawulezayo, zinemilenze emifutshane kunye neendlebe ezinkulu. Uboya bazo buthambile kwaye buthambile, ngokuqhelekileyo bubumnyama obungwevu ukuya kumdaka okhanyayo ngombala kunye nemibala etyheli ngaphezulu. Olu hlobo lufumaneka ikakhulu kuMntla Afrika, ukusuka eYiputa ukuya kumazantsi eMorocco.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana zasebusuku ezichitha imini yonke zilele emingxunyeni egrunjwe ngaphantsi komhlaba ukuze zihlale zipholile ngeentsuku ezishushu zaseAfrika. Ebusuku ziphuma ziye kuzingela izinambuzane, iimpuku nezinye iimpuku ezincinane ukuze zizondle zona. Basenokutya iziqhamo, amaqunube kunye nembewu ukuba zikhona.
Nangona iimpungutye ze-fennec zihlala zodwa, zisenokwenza amaqela asekuhlaleni kunye namanye amalungu ohlobo lwazo ukuze zifune ukutya okanye zikhusele kumarhamncwa anokuthi ahlasele njengeekati okanye izinja zasekhaya. Obu buchule bubanceda ukuba baphile kwiimeko ezinobutshaba kwaye banokuphila ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-10 ukuba babonelelwe ngokusingqongileyo okufanelekileyo.
Nangona lungekho ulwazi oluninzi olukhoyo malunga nokuziphatha kwasekhaya kweempungutye ze-fennec, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuthi uzazi ngaphambi kokuba uzithathele ingqalelo njengezilwanyana zasekhaya:
Iimpungutye zeFennec zidinga indawo eninzi yokubaleka kunye nokudlala; ngoko ke, baya kufuna igadi enkulu engasemva okanye igadi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla.
– Bakrelekrele kakhulu kodwa banokuba neenkani; ke ngoko, kuya kufuneka uchithe ixesha elininzi ubaqeqesha
– Kufuneka bangqongwe ngabantu abanobubele; Ukuba abafumani ngqalelo yothando rhoqo, baya kuziva bengamalolo.
– Zizilwanyana ezisebenzayo kakhulu; ke ngoko kuya kufuneka ukuba ubanike imisebenzi evuselelayo yonke imihla
– Bathanda ukuqhwesha; ngoko kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo ukuyiphepha
Ixabiso
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo ziyaziwa kakhulu kwaye zithandwa kakhulu kwintsapho ye-fox. Ezi canids zincinci ziphawulwa ngobungakanani bazo obunciphileyo, iindlebe ezinkulu, kunye noboya obungwevu. Bazalelwa kwintlango yeSahara kuMntla Afrika, apho bahlala kwimingxuma egrunjwe esantini ukuze bangangeni kubushushu obugqithiseleyo.
Iimpungutye zeFennec ziintlobo ze-omnivorous ezondla ngokuyinhloko kwizinambuzane, amaqanda kunye neziqhamo. Basenokutya ezinye izityalo kunye ne-carrion xa zikhona. Zizilwanyana zasebusuku ezichitha imini yonke zilele emingxunyeni ukuze ziphephe ubushushu obugqithiseleyo basentlango. Ebusuku baphuma baye kukhangela ukutya baze badibane namanye amalungu eepaki zabo ukuze bancokole.
Nangona iimpungutye zefennec zihlala zodwa, zisenokwenza amaqela eentsapho ezinamalungu aliqela amadala kunye namantshontsho aselula ancedana ngokunyamekelana. Le ntsebenziswano phakathi kwamalungu amadala ibavumela ukuba bazingele amaxhoba amakhulu njengemivundla okanye amabhadi amancinci xa ekhona.
Iimpungutye zeFennec ziphila ubomi obufutshane ngenxa yeemeko zemozulu ezinzima ezihlala kuzo; nangona kunjalo, banokuphila ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka eli-10 ukuba bafumana ukhathalelo olulungileyo lwezilwanyana kunye nesondlo esaneleyo. Bakhuselwe ngumthetho kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi ngenxa yokuhla kwamanani abo; nangona kunjalo, usemninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe ukubakhusela ngokwaneleyo ekuzingeleni ngokungekho mthethweni okanye ekurhwebeni ngokungekho mthethweni kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ezingaqhelekanga.
Indlela yokwamkela impungutye ye-fennec
Iimpungutye zeFennec yenye yezona ntlobo zincinci zeempungutye emhlabeni. Ezi zilwanyana zithandekayo zifumaneka kwintlango yeSahara, eAfrika, nakwezinye iindawo zoMbindi Mpuma. Zaziwa ngoboya bazo obumhlophe kunye neendlebe ezinkulu, ezithe chu. Ezi mpawu zenza i-fennec foxes ibe yintlobo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwamanye amalungu entsapho ye-canine.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana ezihlala zodwa ezihlala kwimingxuma engaphantsi komhlaba ukuphepha ubushushu obugqithisileyo basentlango. Nangona ezi zilwanyana zingenkulu kakhulu, zinokulinganisa ukuya kuma-40 cm ubude (kuquka nomsila) kwaye zinobunzima obuphakathi kwe-1-2 kg. Uboya bazo bufutshane, buthambile, bumhlophe buneempawu ezimdaka ngokuntsundu emehlweni, ezindlebeni, nasemilenzeni yangasemva. Iindlebe zikhulu ngakumbi ukubanceda ukuba bakhuphe ubushushu bomzimba obugqithisileyo ngexesha lemini eshushu yasentlango.
Ngaphandle kokuba yodwa ngokwemvelo, iimpungutye ze-fennec zinokuziphatha okuntsokothileyo kwezentlalo xa zikunye namanye amalungu eentlobo zazo. Banxibelelana bodwa ngokusebenzisa izandi ezizodwa ezifana nokuncwina, ukuncwina, kunye ne-hises ukuvakalisa ukwahlukana ngokweemvakalelo kunye nokusebenzisana ngaphandle kwengxaki. Ukongeza, basebenzisa iindlebe zabo ukubona intshukumo kumgama omde kunye nokukhupha imiqondiso ebonakalayo ukuze bahlale bephaphile kuzo naziphi na izoyikiso ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lohambo lwabo lwemihla ngemihla entlango bekhangela ukutya okanye amanzi amatsha.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana ezidla inyama ezidla ngokutya izinambuzane ezincinci njengeembovane, oonomadudwane, kunye neempuku ukuba zikhona; kodwa zikwatya iziqhamo eziswiti xa zifumaneka ngexesha elomileyo laseSahara. Baxhotyiswe ngemvakalelo ebukhali yokuvumba ebavumela ukuba babone ubukho bomntu nangaphambi kokuba babone; Bakwanesakhono esimangalisayo sokunyuka imiphezulu emi nkqo ngenxa yeenzipho zabo ezibukhali, ezibavumela ukuba babaleke ngokukhawuleza ukuba babona ingozi isondela.
Ukwamkela iFox yeFennec kufuna uxanduva oluninzi njengoko bafuna ingqwalasela eninzi ngenxa yobume babo bentlalontle; Ukongeza, kukho imiba esemthethweni enxulumene nokwamkelwa, kuba amazwe amaninzi ayakuthintela ukuba nesi silwanyana sasekhaya ngenxa yobume baso basendle. Ngoko ke, phambi kokuba uthathe umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho, sicebisa ukuba uphande ngemithetho yasekuhlaleni kwaye ufumane zonke iipemethe okanye iilayisensi eziyimfuneko phambi kokuba uqhubeke nokuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho. Ukongeza , sicebisa ukuba sifune oogqirha bezilwanyana abanamava nabanamava okusebenza nezilwanyana ezingezizo zasendle ukuze siqinisekise ukuba sinikezela ngonyango olusemgangathweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka . Ekugqibeleni, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba i-szorr@sfennecs zizilwanyana ze-hemispherical kwaye zifuna ingqalelo eninzi kunye nothando kunye nokuzinikela ekuboneleleni ikhaya labo kwaye banandiphe inkampani yabo!
Curiosities
Iimpungutye zeFennec (Vulpes zerda) luhlobo lweempungutye ezincinci ezihlala kwintlango yaseSahara kuMntla Afrika. Ziyaziwa ngeendlebe zazo ezinkulu, ezithambileyo, ezinceda ukuba zikhuphe ubushushu kwaye zive ngcono. Ezi zilwanyana zinoboya obubusilika obugudileyo, budla ngokuba ngwevu ngokuntsundu ngombala kunye neempawu ezimhlophe entloko nasemacaleni.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zizilwanyana zasebusuku, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zizingela ebusuku. Zitya kakhulu izinambuzane ezifana neembovane nooqongqothwane, kodwa zikwatya namaqanda entaka, iinyoka ezincinci, kunye neziqhamo ezivuthiweyo. Bakulungele kakuhle ukuhlala entlango; banamadlala okubila phakathi kweminwe yabo ukuze bahlale bepholile ngezona yure zishushu zemini.
Iimpungutye zeFennec zodwa ngokwemvelo; noko ke, ziqokelelana ngokwamaqela ukuze zifune ukutya okanye zinyamekele amantshontsho azo kunye. Amadoda amadala aqhele ukuphawula indawo yawo ngomchamo ukuze agcine amanye amadoda ekhuphisana nawo ekude. Amaqela osapho enziwe ngumama nomntwana isibini kwaye anokuqulatha ukuya kutsho kumathandathu amanye amalungu anxulumeneyo.
Nangona iimpungutye ze-fennec zikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obugqithisileyo basentlango, zisongelwa yintshabalalo yendawo yokuhlala ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa komhlaba ngabantu kwezolimo kunye nokufuya. Ukongeza, zizingelwa ngokungekho mthethweni njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ezingaqhelekanga okanye zisetyenziselwa urhwebo ngabavelisi benyama yasendle okanye abanye abavelisi bobugcisa basekuhlaleni (umz., izikhumba). Ulondolozo lungundoqo ekulondolozeni olu didi lukhethekileyo; kunjalo, kukho ulwazi oluninzi malunga nabo ukuba nangoku ayaziwa ngokupheleleyo.