ESpeyin kukho iindidi ezimbini zeempungutye ezifumaneka endle: i-fox ebomvu ( Vulpes vulpes ) kunye ne-arctic fox ( Alopex lagopus ). I-fox ebomvu yintlobo eqhelekileyo kakhulu eSpeyin, zombini emaphandleni nakwiipaki zasezidolophini. Ezi zilwanyana ziphakathi ngobukhulu, kunye nobude bomzimba phakathi kwe-50 kunye ne-70 cm kunye nobunzima obuphakathi kwe-3 kunye ne-7 kg. Uboya bazo ngokuqhelekileyo bungwevu bumnyama bube neempawu ezimhlophe, ezimdaka ngebala, okanye ezimnyama. Iinkunzi zikholisa ukuba nkulu kancinane kunemazi. Ezi zilwanyana ziyi-omnivorous, zitya kakhulu iziqhamo, izinambuzane, amaqanda eentaka, kunye nezilwanyana ezincinci.
I-arctic fox yi-subspecies ye-fox ebomvu efumaneka ikakhulu kumantla eYurophu nase-Asia. Ilungele ukuhlala kwindawo ezibandayo ezinobushushu obuqhaqhazelisa amazinyo ixesha elide. Uboya bayo bumhlophe ngeenyanga zasebusika ukuze buhlangane kakuhle nekhephu; nangona kunjalo, ngeenyanga ezifudumeleyo idla ngokuba mnyama grey kunye namabala amhlophe okanye amnyama. Njengempungutye ebomvu, le subspecies iphinda itya kakhulu iziqhamo kunye nezinambuzane; nangona kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo neyokuqala, banokuphila ixesha elide ngaphandle kokusela amanzi ngenxa yokutya okutyebileyo kokufuma.
Zingaphi iimpungutye ezikhoyo eSpain?
Iimpungutye yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo eSpain. Ezi zilwanyana zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo, ukusuka ezintabeni namadlelo ukuya emahlathini nasezixekweni. Iimpungutye zizilwanyana ezincancisayo ezinobukhulu obuphakathi, ezinobude bomzimba obuphakathi kwe-45 kunye ne-90 cm. Zinoboya obuthambileyo, obuxineneyo, ngokuqhelekileyo bungwevu okanye bumdaka obukhanyayo obunombala obomvu emsileni nasentanyeni. Iindlebe zazo zinkulu, imilenze yazo yangaphambili mifutshane kodwa yomelele, kwaye imilenze yazo yangasemva imide kancinane.
ESpeyin kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zempungutye: i-fox ebomvu (i-Vulpes vulpes) kunye ne-arctic fox (Alopex lagopus). Eyokuqala iyona nto ixhaphakileyo, ifumaneka kwi-Peninsula yase-Iberia ukusuka eGalicia ukuya eAndalusia nakwiziqithi ezithile ezifana neMallorca okanye i-Ibiza. Eyesibini ayixhaphakanga kangako, kodwa ikwakhona kwezinye iindawo ezikumantla eSpain, ikakhulu eGalicia, eAsturias naseCantabria.
Kuqikelelwa ukuba kukho phakathi kwama-50 000 ukuya kwi-100 000 imizekelo yezi zilwanyana esasazeke kuwo wonke ummandla waseSpeyin. Zikhuselwe ngumthetho wesizwe nowamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yokubaluleka kwazo kwi-ikhosistim yasekhaya; noko ke, basaqhubeka bengamaxhoba okurhweba ngokungekho mthethweni koboya okanye abazingeli abawabulalayo ukuze bafumane inyama okanye iindebe zeenyamakazi.
Zihlala phi iimpungutye eSpain?
Iimpungutye yenye yezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo eSpain. Ezi zilwanyana zifumaneka kuzo zonke iingingqi zelizwe, ukusuka emantla ukuya emazantsi. Iimpungutye zihlala kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukusuka emahlathini ukuya kumabala avulekileyo nakwiintaba ukusa elunxwemeni.
Iimpungutye zizidalwa ezihlala zodwa ezidla ngokuhlala zodwa okanye ngababini ngexesha lokukhwelana. Zitya kakhulu iziqhamo, amaqunube, izinambuzane, kunye nezilwanyana ezinomqolo ezincinci ezifana neempuku kunye nemivundla. Ebusika, iimpungutye zinokutya inyama efileyo xa kungekho kutya kwaneleyo.
Iimpungutye zakha imingxuma yazo ngaphantsi komhlaba okanye phakathi kwamatye ukuze zizikhusele kwimozulu ebandayo neqhaqhazelis’ amazinyo yasebusika baseSpeyin. Le mingxuma idla ngokubekwa kufutshane nemithombo yamanzi okanye kufutshane neendawo ezityebileyo kukutya ukuze kube lula ukuphila kwayo ngeli xesha linzima. Entlakohlaza nasehlotyeni, iimpungutye zakha iindlwane ezikhaphukhaphu emhlabeni ukuze zikwazi ukusebenzisa kakuhle ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye zifudumale ngokulula ngezona yure zishushu zemini.
Iimpungutye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwi-ecosystem yaseSpain njengoko zinceda ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwendalo ngokulawula inani lezinye izilwanyana ezifana neempuku, iihagu zeguinea kunye nonomatse phakathi kwezinye izilwanyana ezincinci ezifumaneka kulo lonke elaseSpain. Zikwasisilwanyana esihle nesinika umdla ukusijonga ukuba udibana nabo ngebhaqo xa uthatha uhambo ngendalo yaseSpain!