ICocodrilos

Iingwenya sesinye sezona zirhubuluzi zikhulu kwizilwanyana. Kwaye enye yezona zisoyikisa kakhulu kuba, nangona zibonakala zicotha, ziyakhawuleza kakhulu, ngakumbi emanzini.

Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ifayile ye- iimpawu zeengwenya, apho bahlala khona, batya ntoni, yintoni ukuveliswa kwabo okanye iintlobo ezikhoyo, qiniseka ukuba ujonge ulwazi esilungiselele lona.

Iimpawu zeengwenya

Ingwenya, yosapho ingwenya, eneneni sisirhubuluzi, esinye sezona zikhulu ezikhoyo. Inokufikelela ukusuka kwi-1-1,5 yeemitha ukufikelela okanye ukudlula iimitha ezi-7 ubude kunye nobunzima obungaphezu kwe-2000 kilos. Kuyaziwa ukuba kwakukho iintlobo ezinkulu zeengwenya, ezinokuthi zingagqithisa ezi zikhulu.

Umzimba wayo wahlulwe wangamacandelo amane ahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, sinenxalenye yokakayi lwengwenya, olumilo ongunxantathu nalapho amehlo anabafundi abathe nkqo aphuma ngaphandle yaye atsala ingqalelo enkulu ngenxa yokubanda kwawo. Emva koko, unenxalenye yomlomo kunye namazinyo, phambi kwentloko ngokwayo. Yenziwe ngabaninzi amazinyo amaninzi abukhali kakhulu kwaye ekwaziyo ukwahlula amaxhoba abo kwisiqingatha ukususela amandla imihlathi engakholelekiyo kwaye kwenzeka okufanayo ngemilomo yabo, ekwaziyo ukuyivula, kwezinye iintlobo, phantse ukuya kwi-angle ye-90 degree.

El Umzimba wengwenya ukhuselwe ngamacwecwe amathambo. Zifana nezikali zeentlanzi, nangona zinzima kakhulu kwaye zixhathisa. Kwindawo esezantsi, oko kukuthi, esiswini, zibuthathaka kwaye enyanisweni yenye yezona ndawo zibuthathaka zezi zilwanyana kuba umzimba wazo awukhuselekanga kakuhle kuloo ndawo (kanye eyona idibana kakhulu nomphezulu. ngexesha lokujikeleza umhlaba).

Okokugqibela, unomsila, unombono omangalisayo, kwaye unemisipha kwaye womelele. Uyakwazi ukuyisebenzisela ukuqubha, kodwa nokuzikhusela xa kukho ingozi.

Ngokubhekiselele kumalungu abo, bafutshane kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu bahamba ngokucothayo emhlabeni, nangona bekwazi "ukubaleka" ngesantya se-2-4 km / iyure kwaye nangaphezulu ixesha elifutshane. Le milenze yenziwe ngentambo ukumnceda ukuba akhawuleze, nangona ngokwenene ingumsila omnika intshukumo.

Iingwenya zineemvakalelo ezimbini eziphuhliswe kakuhle kakhulu; kwelinye icala, ukubona kwabo, kuba bayakwazi ukubona amaxhoba abo ukusuka kwiimitha ezininzi kude; kwelinye, indlebe. Ukongezelela, banempawu ebalulekileyo kwaye oko kukuthi, xa belahlekelwa izinyo, enye iphuma.

Ngokubhekiselele kubomi bakhe obulindelekileyo, oku kuphezulu kakhulu. Kuqikelelwa ukuba banokuphila amashumi eminyaka phantsi kweemeko zendalo (phakathi kwama-50 nama-80 eminyaka).

Umlingiswa weengwenya

Iingwenya zizilwanyana ezibukhali kakhulu. Nangona zingashukumi ngokubonakalayo, eneneni banoburhalarhume yaye banomsindo ombi kakhulu. Banomhlaba omkhulu kwaye banobundlobongela, ngakumbi xa kukho into abanokuyiva njengomhlaseli kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Bakwasebenzisa obo msindo xa besilwa ngenjongo yokutsala umdla weemazi.

Indawo yokuhlala

Indawo yokuhlala ephambili yeengwenya igubungela iindawo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ubukhulu becala unako ifumaneka kwiindawo ezishushu zaseAsia, eAfrika, eMelika naseOstreliya. Bathanda ukuhlala emilanjeni, imisinga ecothayo ngokubanzi, kwaye bayakwazi ukuphila emanzini anetyuwa okanye emanzini amatsha.

Nangona zihlala ngakumbi emanzini, oko akuthethi ukuba aziphumi kuwo. Enyanisweni bayayenza, ngoko unokuyifumana ngaphandle kwayo, nangona bengadlangalala kude kakhulu namanzi.

iintlobo zeengwenya

Okwangoku, ingwenya ine-14 subspecies. Zezi:

• Crocodylus acutus (waseMelika, inkosi icikilishe, ingwenya yeproboscis…)
• Crocodylus cataphractus (Impumlo yaseAfrika)
• El Crocodylus intermedius (ukusuka kwi-Orinoco okanye i-Orinoco alligator okanye i-llanero)
• Crocodylus johnstoni (ukusuka eJohnston okanye kumanzi amatsha aseOstreliya)
• Crocodylus mindorensis (kwiiPhilippines okanye eMindoro)
• El Crocodylus moreletii (ukusuka kumgxobhozo, iMorelet okanye ingwenya yaseMexico)
• Crocodylus niloticus (yeNayile)
• Crocodylus novaeguineae (esuka eNew Guinea)
• El crocodylus palustris (ukusuka emgxobhozweni, eIran, eHindu okanye ePersi)
• I-Crocodylus porosus (ulwandle, amanzi etyuwa okanye echwebeni okanye ingwenya enemingxuma)
• Crocodylus rhombifer (Cuban)
• El Crocodylus siamensis (Siamese)
• Crocodylus suchus (Ingwenya yaseNtshona Afrika, ikwabizwa ngokuba yintlango)
• Osteolaemus tetraspis (ingwenya encinci)

zitya ntoni iingwenya

Ukutya kweengwenya kwahluka kakhulu. Ukongeza kokutya ezinye izilwanyana, ngakumbi ezo zincinci kunazo, zihlala zikwazi ukuya kwixhoba elikhulu, njengamaqwarhashe, iinyathi, iinqu... Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani besilwanyana esirhubuluzayo, siya kukhetha ngakumbi kwixhoba okanye kwixhoba. enye.

Bazingela ngendlela efihlakeleyo, besondela ngaphantsi kwamanzi kwaye behamba kancinci ukuze kungabikho mntu uqaphela ubukho babo, emva koko, ivele ngokumangala ngaphandle kokunika ixhoba layo ixesha lokurhoxa ukuze libaleke imihlathi yalo. Ngokuthi ibambe nenxalenye yexhoba layo, ilityhale emanzini ngenjongo yokulirhaxwa, libambe esinye isilwanyana ngomzimba, imilenze nomsila de siyeke ukuxhathisa.

Emva koko, baba nembopheleleko yokusika ukutya kwabo kube ziingceba baze bakuginye ngokutya nje kanye, isisu sabo sisongamela ukwetyisa amathambo okanye amaqokobhe.

Ukuzaliswa kwakhona

Iingwenya zivelisa i-oviparously kwaye zikwenza oko ngokukhawuleza ukuba zifikelele ekukhuleni ngokwesondo, eziya kuyenza ngokuxhomekeke kwiintlobo kunye nobukhulu kunye neminyaka yazo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kuzala, zakha iindlwane ezenziwe ngodaka nemifuno ukukhusela amaqanda. Oku indlwane ikhuselwe ngoomama ukuze ezinye izilwanyana zingawadli amaqanda abo.

Eyona nto imangalisayo kukuba onke amaqanda aqanduselwa ngaxeshanye. Ngelo xesha, iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ziyishiya indlwane emanzini yaye ngumama wazo ozinyamekelayo kwiiveki zokuqala zobomi bazo, zombini ezinika ukutya, ezifundisa yaye ezinyamekela ukuba ezinye izilwanyana eziziqwengayo zingonakalisi.