Inyoka enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni sisihloko esihlala sinomdla kwi-reptile kunye nabathandi bendalo. Ezi zidalwa zikhulu azipheleli nje ekuvuseni umdla wethu ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obumangalisayo, kodwa nangenxa yendima yazo kwi-ecosystem. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga yonke into oyifunayo ukuyazi malunga nenyoka enkulu yehlabathi, ukusuka kwindawo yayo ukuya kwimikhwa yayo yokutya kunye nezinye izinto ezinomdla.
Iinyoka
Esinye sezona zilwanyana zoyikwayo emhlabeni ngabantu inyoka. Sisilwanyana esixhokonxa uloyiko ngenxa yetyhefu yolunye uhlobo. Ukutyhubela imbali bebezenzela igama elibi ngenxa yokuba kukho iindidi ezinetyhefu enokubulala. Yayizizilwanyana ezaqala ngexesha leCretaceous kwaye zineempawu ezintle ezenza zibe liqela elinomdla kakhulu lezilwanyana ukufunda.
Apha siza kukuxelela zonke iimpawu, indawo yokuhlala, ukutya kunye nokuzala kwenyoka.
Iimpawu zeNyoka
Ezi zizilwanyana ezingenawo amalungu, kodwa zinokuhamba phantse kuwo nawuphi na umphezulu. Le yenye yeempawu ezenza ezi zirhubuluzi zibe nomdla. Kukho ngaphezu kwe-3460 iintlobo zeenyoka emhlabeni jikelele.. Kweli nani leentlobo, kuphela ngama-450 kwezi ntlobo zinetyhefu. Noko ke, kukho abathile abanetyhefu ebulalayo kangangokuba baye basasaza igama labo njengabayingozi.
Uninzi lweenyoka zibanjiswa ukuze zikwazi ukuxhaphaza ulusu lwazo okanye ukutya. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu ubangela ukuba uninzi lweentlobo zeenyoka zibe sengozini yokuphela. Ezi zilwanyana ziye zahlala kwiplanethi yethu ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-150 yezigidi, ngexesha leCretaceous. Kukho ulwazi olukhulu malunga nesi silwanyana sibulela kwiirekhodi zefosili ezifunyenwe zezi ntlobo.
Zaziwa ngokuba zavela kumacikilishe ahlala emanzini. Ubungakanani benyoka bunokwahluka ukusuka kwi-10 centimeters ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha ubude. I-skeleton yezi zilwanyana yenziwe ngama-vertebrae ngamanani amakhulu. Umzekelo wale nto yi-python, ene-vertebrae emalunga nama-400.
Abanamalungu, kufuneka bashukume ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezikali zabo. Izikali ezikwindawo yokungena zizo ezivumela ukuhamba phambili kwaye zibathintele ekukhukulisekeni ukuya emacaleni. Intshukumo yenyoka kukuba nelize. Bangakwazi ukuhamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, nangona eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukwenza ulandelelwano olusecaleni kunye nomzimba wabo. Eli xesha liqala entloko lize liphele emsileni wayo. Benza oko ukuze bakwazi ukuhamba ngesantya esingaguqukiyo.
Indlela yokubona isikelwe umda. Ngoko, Basebenzisa ulwimi lwabo ukuze bakwazi ukubona amavumba ahlukeneyo kwaye basebenzisane nendawo abakuyo.. Ngenxa yolwimi lwabo, banokushukuma ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi kwesibindi, baguqule ulwimi lwabo emlonyeni ukuze babone ukuba kukho into etyiwayo okanye isengozini. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba sibona iinyoka zisoloko zikhupha ulwimi lwazo. Umsila unobude obumalunga ne-20% yomzimba wawo.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nendawo yokuhambisa
Iinyoka zazigqalwa njengesilwanyana esihlala sodwa yaye ziyazahlula kwezinye izilwanyana. Kunqabile ukubona iinyoka ezimbini zikunye. Ibakho kuphela ngexesha lokufukama nakwixesha lokukhwelana. Bayakwazi ukuhlala kwaye phantse naphi na, ukusuka kwimimandla yamahlathi ukuya kwiindawo ezishushu. Eyona nto ilungileyo ukuba inyoka iphile phantsi kweemeko ezilungileyo kukuba ubushushu buhlala buhleli. Ekubeni zizilwanyana ezinegazi elibandayo, azikwazi ukulawula ubushushu ngokwazo. Bafuna ubushushu belanga ukuze bakwazi ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba wabo.
Ezinye ii-ecosystems apho sinokufumana iinyoka ezisentlango kunye ne-savannahs. Ezinye iintlobo zifumaneka nasemanzini, phezulu emithini naphantsi komhlaba.
Ukutya kunye nokuzala kwenyoka
Ukutya kwenyoka kukutya. Itya kakhulu iintaka, iintlanzi, izirhubuluzi, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini kunye nezinambuzane. Kuphela kuxa ukutya kunqongophele okanye kunzima ukukufumana, banokutya kwimizekelo yohlobo olufanayo. Ukondla, banokuginya ixhoba labo ngokupheleleyo kuba bengenazo izakhiwo zamazinyo ukuze bakwazi ukuhlafuna.
Enye yezinto ezingeloncedo inyoka ekutyeni kwayo yinkqubo yokwetyisa. Ukuginya ixhoba ngokupheleleyo, ngexesha lokwetyisa kufuneka zibekwe zingashukumi. Oku kunceda ukugcwalisa amandla asetyenzisiweyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokubamba amaxhoba. Ngalo mzuzu xa inyoka ikwinkqubo yayo yokwetyisa basesichengeni sokuhlaselwa nguye nawuphi na umntu.
Elinye lamaqhinga abanawo ukuze baphile kukukhupha ukutya ngaphakathi kwabo xa besengozini. Ngale ndlela, banokuphinda baphinde bahambe kwaye babaleke ngexesha. Kuba inkqubo yokwetyisa icotha kakhulu kwaye ithatha ixesha elide, banokuhamba iinyanga ngaphandle kokutya.
Ngokuphathelele ukuzala, zizilwanyana ezi-oviparous. Oku kuthetha ukuba babeka amaqanda ngaphandle kwe-boa snake, ukuveliswa kwayo yi-ovoviviparous. Inkqubo yemveliso kunye nokukhwelana kwenzeka ngexesha lentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kubukho bokutya kunye neenguqu zemozulu. Iinkunzi zizo ezithanda imazi. Kule nto, ezinye iimfazwe phakathi kwamadoda ziyenzeka ukuze akwazi ukugqiba ukuba yeyiphi ikopi kunye naye. Ezi ziimeko kuphela apho sinokufumana iisampuli ezininzi zeenyoka kwindawo enye.
Yakube inkunzi idibana nemazi, iya kuhamba ngendlela yayo kwaye yimazi eya kwamkela eyona similo sichasayo. Ixesha lokufukamela lidla ngokuhlala phakathi kweenyanga ezi-2 nezi-5. kwaye unina uyawashiya nje xa ebeka amaqanda. Ekuzalweni, amantshontsho kufuneka azikhathalele.
Iinyoka ezinobuhlungu nezingenabuhlungu
Xa usiva ngeenyoka, into yokuqala oyicingayo kukufa kokulunywa kwazo. Kuphela yi-10% yazo zonke iintlobo zeenyoka ezinobuhlungu. Phakathi kweentlobo ezinobuhlungu sifumana inyoka ye-bastard, i-cobra, i-rattlesnake, inyoka ye-coral, inyoka yolwandle, inyoka ye-taipan kunye nenyoka ye-velvet, phakathi kwabanye.
Phakathi kweenyoka ezingenabuhlungu sifumana izilwanyana ezininzi ezifana ne-anaconda, i-boa, i-collar snake, i-python, i-horseshoe snake, phakathi kwezinye.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nenyoka.
Eyona Nyoka Enobuthi Ehlabathini
Xa sithetha ngeenyoka, uloyiko lwezi zirhubuluzi ngenxa yobuthi bazo luhlala lufika engqondweni. Esinye sezona zilwanyana zomeleleyo ezifumaneka kwindawo yaselwandle yi Enhydrin schistosa. Imalunga ne- eyona nyoka inetyhefu emhlabeni. Nangona inokuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeenyoka zomhlaba ezinobuhlungu, ukuba siyayithelekisa njengereferensi yethamo elibulalayo eliphakathi, le nyoka yeyona ibulalayo emhlabeni.
Kweli nqaku siza kukuxelela ngazo zonke iimpawu, ukondla, ukuzala kunye nendawo yokuhlala yeyona nyoka inetyhefu emhlabeni.
inyoka yehashe
ISpeyin ineentlobo ezithile zezinto eziphilayo ekusenokwenzeka ukuba abaninzi abazazi. Yiloo nto kanye eyenzekayo ngenyoka ekuthiwa yihorseshoe snake, uhlobo lwesirhubuluzi esifumaneka kwiindawo ezimbalwa kakhulu, enye yazo inguSingasiqithi weIberia.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga ne iimpawu zeenyoka zehashe, indawo ehlala kuyo, uhlobo lokutya enalo kwakunye nokuveliswa kwayo, siyilungiselele le fayile ukuze ube nalo lonke olu hlobo lolwazi nokunye okuninzi.
Inyoka eluhlaza
Iinyoka zezinye zezilwanyana onokuzifumana ngemibala eyahlukeneyo. Kodwa kukho enye, inyoka eluhlaza, enethoni yombala omnye kuphela, nayo eyichazayo. Sisilwanyana esitsala umdla kakhulu, sincinane ngokomlinganiselo kwaye sinomdla wokumila.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ifayile ye- iimpawu zenyoka eluhlaza, indawo yayo yendalo, ukutya, ukuzala okanye nokuba yintoni na ekufuneka ube nayo njengesilwanyana sasekhaya, apha siye saqulunqa lonke ulwazi oludingayo.
inyoka yebhata
Izilwanyana zenyoka zityebile ngokweentlobo zezi zilwanyana zirhubuluzayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha sifumana iisampulu ezithile ezitsala umdla wethu. Injalo ke imeko yenyoka yebhata.
Sisilwanyana esinaso eSpain nakwinxalenye yeYurophu. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi i iimpawu zenyoka ye-bastard, ukuziphatha kwayo, apho ungayifumana khona, into eyondla ngayo okanye ivelisa njani, apha unayo yonke ingcaciso oyifunayo ngayo.
inyoka ephaphazelayo
Amaxesha amaninzi, ibinzana elithi 'zide ziphaphazele iihagu' lisetyenziswa ukuthetha into ekucingelwa ukuba inokwenzeka. Kwaye kule meko, kunye nenyoka ephaphazelayo, sinesilwanyana esingaqhelekanga ukubona esibhakabhakeni, kodwa kunokuba sikhasa emhlabeni. Nangona kunjalo, ikho.
Ukuba ufuna Yazi ngakumbi ngenyoka ephaphazelayo, iimpawu enazo, indawo yayo yendalo, uhlobo lokutya ekutya kuko, okanye ukuzala, apha uya kulufumana lonke ulwazi olufunayo.
UBhowa
I-boa snake yenye yezona zirhubuluzi zoyikwayo ngenxa yobukhulu bayo kunye nendlela ezizingela ngayo. Noko ke, ayinatyhefu.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi injani i-boa nyoka, indawo ehlala kuyo, luhlobo luni lokutya ekutyayo, okanye ukuveliswa kwayo, qiniseka ukuba ujonga kumaxwebhu esikulungiselele wona.
Inyoka yeVelvet
Ngaphakathi kobukumkani beenyoka, kukho iintlobo ezithile ezaziwa ngakumbi kunezinye. Inyoka yevelvet yenye yengaziwayo eSpain, nangona kwamanye amazwe anje ngeMelika beyazi kakuhle, ngakumbi ngenxa yeemeko zokufa ezenzeka minyaka le ngenxa yokulunywa kwayo.
Isenokuba inetyhefu, sithetha ngenyoka endlongondlongo ethi ilwe xa iziva isongelwa. Ukuba ufuna ukwazi i Iimpawu zenyoka yevelvet, indawo yazo yendalo, ukondla kunye nokuzala, ungalibazisi ukufunda eli nqaku.
ileli inyoka
Ngaphakathi kobukumkani bezilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, inyoka yeleli yenye yezilwanyana ezingaziwayo (kwaye sesinye sezona zilwanyana zikhangeleka kakhulu). Ukusuka kusapho lwe-colubrid, uya kufumana isilwanyana esinemilo engakholelekiyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi ngaye, umzekelo injani inyoka yeleli, indawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo, ukondla okanye ukuzala, qiniseka ukuba ufunda oko sikulungiselele kona.
inyoka yephimpi
Enye yezona nyoka zaziwa kakhulu yinyoka yephimpi. Inetyhefu, iyabulala kwaye yenye yezona zinkulu ezikhoyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi injani inyoka yenyoka, ihlala phi, kuthini ukutya kwayo okuqhelekileyo, ukuveliswa kwayo kunye nezinye iinkcukacha, ungalibazisi ukujonga oko sikulungiselele kona.
inyoka yasetaipan
La inyoka yasetaipan Yenye yezona tyhefu zikhoyo ehlabathini, ezikwaziyo ukuphelisa ubomi bendoda ngethontsi elinye letyhefu yayo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nokuba injani, indawo ehlala kuyo, into etya ngayo, kunye nendlela evelisa ngayo, qiniseka ukuba uyazisa.