I-python ayinayo ityhefu, nangona kucingelwa ukuba kunjalo. Zizilwanyana ezizingelayo ngokunqanda amaxhoba azo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi injani inyoka yepython, zeziphi iindidi ezikhoyo, zihlala phi, kunye nolwazi oluthe kratya, ungalibazisi ukujonga oku kulandelayo.
Iimpawu zePython
Inhlwathi, igama lenzululwazi IPythonidae, yinyoka ye-constrictor enokufikelela kubude obuphakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-8 yeemitha. Ngapha koko, iipython zibambe irekhodi leGuinness ngokuba zezona nyoka zinde phaya. Ubunzima bazo, nangona kunjalo, abukho phezulu njengoko umntu enokucinga, kuba ziphakathi kwe-100 kunye ne-500 grams kuphela. Oku kubavumela ukuba bakhwele imithi okanye nawuphi na umphezulu othe nkqo.
El umbala wepython awufani, kodwa zahlukahlukene. Unokufumana iinyoka zolu hlobo kwiitoni ezityheli okanye ezimdaka kunye nakuwo wonke lo mbala wombala phakathi kwabo.
Olunye uphawu lwe-python kubukho "kwezitho ze-thermoreceptor". Yinkqubo ekufuneka ifumane imithombo yobushushu kufutshane nalapho ukhoyo, kokubini emini nasebusuku, xa ungakwazi ukusebenzisa ukubona kwakho.
Ukongeza, inoluhlu lwe-spurs, olubekwe kufutshane nesisu sayo kwaye incede ukuba ivelise kwakhona.
Ubude bokuphila be-python buphezulu kakhulu, ngaphezu kwezinye iinyoka, kuba iyakwazi ukuphila iminyaka engama-20 ekuthinjweni.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-python kunye ne-boa
Kuqhelekile ukudibanisa i-python kunye ne-boa, xa ngokwenene, nangona zibonakala zifana ngokwenyama, azinjalo.
Enyanisweni, umahluko wokuqala owufumanayo unxulumene neefangs zombini. Kwimeko yepython, inoluhlu lwamazinyo kwindawo ephezulu yomlomo wayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ye i-boa, ayinabo.
Kwakhona, ngokuphathelele ukuzala, kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwazo. Kwisandle esinye, into eyenziwa yinhlwathi kukubeka amaqanda apho iya kuphuma khona inzala yabo; kwelinye, i<em>boa, xa kufikelelwa ekuveliseni, ikwenza oko ngokuzala amantshontsho.
Indawo yokuhlala
Uninzi lweentlobo zepython zifumaneka EOstreliya, eAsia naseAfrika, ezi zimbini ngendlela encinci kwaye kuphela kwiintsapho ezithile.
Bathanda ukuhlala kwiindawo ezinohlaza olukhulu kunye kufuphi nemilambo okanye amachibi. Ukongeza, bayakwazi ukukhwela emithini okanye ukuthatha imingxuma eshiywe.
iintlobo zeepython
Ehlabathini kunokubakho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 zeepython. Bonke badityaniswe ngamaqela amaninzi, angala:
- eAntaresia. Ifumaneka eOstreliya naseNew Guinea. Iindidi ezine zolu hlobo ziyaziwa: Antaresia childreni, maculosa, perthensis kunye ne-stimsoni.
- Aspidites. Zibekwe ikakhulu eOstreliya kwaye kukho iindidi ezimbini kuphela, iAspidites melanocephalus kunye neramsayi.
- Bothrochilus. Ikwaziwa njenge python enemilebe emhlophe, inhlwathi yamanzi ka-D'Albert, okanye inhlwathi ka-D'Albertis. Itholakala eNew Guinea kwaye zizonke iintlobo ze-7 ziyaziwa: i-Bothrochilus albertisii, i-bennettorum, i-biakensis, i-boa, i-fredparkeri, i-hoserae kunye ne-huonensis.
- unxibelelwano. Ifumaneka eWallacea, eNew Guinea, nase-Australia, kwaye yenziwe ngeentlobo ezine: i-Liasis fuscus, i-mackloti, i-olivaceus, kunye ne-papuana.
- Malayopython. Ngeentlobo ezimbini kuphela, iMalayopython reticulatus kunye ne-timoriensis, inokufumaneka eWallacea nakuMzantsi-mpuma Asia.
- Morelia. Ukusuka e-Australia naseNew Guinea, iintlobo eziqukiweyo zezi: Morelia Bredli, carinata, spilota kunye ne-viridis.
- IPython. Yeyona ntsapho inkulu yeepython ekhoyo, kuba ibandakanya i-10: i-Python anchietae, i-bivittatus, i-breitensteini, i-brongersmai, i-curtus, i-kyaiktiyo, i-molurus, i-sebae, i-regius kunye ne-sebae. Ziinyoka ezihlala eWallacea, eMzantsi-mpuma Asia naseAfrika.
- eSimalia. Kwakhona ukusuka e-Australia, i-Wallacea kunye ne-New Guinea, iquka iintlobo ezi-7: i-Simalia amethistina, i-boeleni, i-clastolepis, i-kinghorni, i-nauta, i-oenpelliensis kunye ne-tracyae.
Ukutya ngePython
Ukutya okuqhelekileyo kwe-python zizilwanyana, ezifana iintaka, izirhubuluzi okanye iimpuku, kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini okanye neentlanzi. Kukho iindidi malunga nobukhulu bexhoba layo, kuba zihlala zidla amaqhekeza amancinci, kodwa ezinkulu ziyakwazi ukulwa nezilwanyana ezikhulu, ezinjengeehagu zasendle, iihagu, iikati, amabhadi, njl.
Xa ilixesha lokutya, kuba ayinayo ityhefu, into eyenzayo kukurhintyela ixhoba lalo ngokuwatshonisa amazinyo alo kulo lize lizibhijele umzimba walo ukuze liwukhame de luthintele umoya ukuba ungangeni emiphungeni yalo (okanye ukulikhulula) , ukufuthanisela ngemizuzu nje embalwa. Nangona abanye bephawula ukuba ixhoba linengxaki yokujikeleza kwaye kungenxa yoko lifa, inyaniso kukuba eyona nto ibangela ukufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwe-python kukuphefumla, okuza ngaphambi kokuwa kokujikeleza.
Emva kokuba ixhoba lalo lifile, liqhubela phambili ukulitya, lilazise ngokupheleleyo kwaye likhangele indawo ezolileyo yokwetyisa. Oku kuya kuhlala ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa (ukuba ukutya bekuncinci), okanye iiveki ezininzi (ukuba bekukukhulu).
Ukuveliswa kwakhona kwenyoka yepython
I-python ivelisa i-oviparously. oko kukuthi, ukubeka amaqanda. Olu hlobo lokuzala lolona luxhaphakileyo kwiinyoka. Oko kukuthi, kukho ukukhwelana phakathi kwezini ezibini, inkunzi nemazi, zize zahlukane. Yimazi ejongene nokukhangela indawo yokubeka amaqanda, anokuba phakathi kwamaqanda amane ukuya kwishumi elinesibini.
Umahluko omkhulu kwezinye iinyoka kukuba, xa sele kugqityiwe ukuzala, inyoka izisonge emaqandeni, iwamkele onke ngomzimba wayo. Iyakwenza oku ukubagcina befudumele kodwa, njengoko usazi, akukho python okanye nayiphi na enye enobushushu bomzimba, i-ectothermic, ke isebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo yokuyifumana. Into eyenzayo kukwenza ukufinyela nokukruneka emzimbeni wakhe ngendlela yokuba inyuse ubushushu bakhe ize ngaloo ndlela imncede aqandusele kakuhle amaqanda. Ngethuba leentsuku ze-60-90, baya kukhapha amaqanda kwaye bawanakekele.
Amaqanda awanakuqanduselwa kangangeeveki ezili-16, kwaye amantshontsho angafikelela kwi-40 centimeters ngobukhulu.