- I-Port of Vigo ikhuthaza i-HIPPO-REF ukuba ifake iingqaqa zokwenziwa ngokukodwa kwiihashe zaselwandle e-A Laxe naseBouzas.
- Izakhiwo ezine ezinokubola ziya kuvavanywa kwiimodeli ezimbini, kunye nokuhlolwa ngokwesayensi ngokuntywila rhoqo ngenyanga.
- Le projekthi ijonge ukuphucula iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasekuhlaleni nokubonisa ukuba iziseko zophuhliso zezibuko zinokudityaniswa nenkqubo yendalo yaselwandle.
- Iziphumo zingasebenza njengesalathiso kwamanye amazibuko aseYurophu ajongene nemingeni efanayo yokulondolozwa kwendalo.
I-Port of Vigo iqalise iprojekthi enkulu yokuguqula iidokhi zayo kunye neebheseni ukusuka kwindawo nje yemizi-mveliso zibe yindawo yokusabela ubomi baselwandle. Ngephulo le-HIPPO-REF, i-Port Authority kunye ne-CSIC's Marine Research Institute bayasebenzisana ukufaka iingqaqa ezenziwe ngokukodwa njengendawo yokusabela yehashe lolwandle phakathi kwechweba lomlambo.
Ingcinga kukusebenzisa ithuba lokuphucula umgangatho wamanzi kunye nokuqhubela phambili ekubuyiselweni kwendalo ukuze kudalwe Iindawo zokuhlala ezincinci ezikhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezixakekileyo ezifana ne-A Laxe kunye neBouzasEzi ndawo zokukhosela zintsha zijolise ekukhuthazeni ukuhlala, ukuzala kunye nokwandiswa kweentlobo zeehashe zaselwandle kwindawo yezibuko laseVigo, uhlobo olufana nolubonakala lula kumanxweme aseGalician.
I-HIPPO-REF: iprojekthi yokulungelelanisa izibuko kunye nokwahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo
I-HIPPO-REF yazalwa njengenxalenye ye Icebo lokutshintsha imeko-bume kunye nemeko-bume yePort of VigoLe projekthi ihambelana nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhula okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nezisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo ezikhuthazwa eYurophu. Iququzelelwa nguMongameli weGunya leZibuko, uCarlos Botana, kunye noLorena Loureiro, abavela kwiCandelo le-Ecological Transition and Sustainability, kunye neqela lezenzululwazi elivela kwi-IIM-CSIC eliquka abaphandi uJorge Hernández, uSira Pereira, uMiguel Planas, kunye noRubén Chamorro.
Eli phulo ligxile ekuyileni, ekuveliseni nasekufakeni iindawo zokukhusela ezenziweyo ezilungele iimfuno zebhayoloji zehashe lolwandle (Hippocampus). Injongo ephambili kukuvavanya ukuba ezi zakhiwo zisebenza kakuhle na kwezobuchwepheshe nakwindalo. kwimeko yokwenyani yezibuko, apho imisebenzi enzima yabantu ihambelana nobutyebi bezinto eziphilayo obufunyanwayo nokugcinwa.
Ngokutsho kweGunya leZibuko, injongo kukubonisa ukuba Iziseko zophuhliso zezibuko zingadityaniswa kakuhle kwinkqubo yendalo yaselwandleukuguqula iidokhi, ii-piers, kunye nezinye izakhiwo zibe "ziindawo zokukhusela izinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo." Ukukhuselwa kwehashe lolwandle yeyona nto iphambili kule projekthi, kodwa kulindeleke ukuba iingqaqa zokwenziwa zincede ezinye iintlobo ezininzi ezinxulumene noko.
Le ndlela ihambelana necebo elithi "Blue Growth" elikhuthazwa yiVigo, elijolise ekudibaniseni umsebenzi wezoqoqosho wezibuko nempilo yokusingqongileyo yechweba. I-HIPPO-REF ijolise ekuboneleleni ngedatha yesayensi eqinileyo ezingasetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi zokubuyisela iindawo zokuhlala kwixesha elizayo eGalicia nakwamanye amazibuko aseYurophu.
Ziza kufakwa phi iingqaqa zokwenziwa kwaye ziza kuba njani?
Isicwangciso sicinga ngokubekwa Izakhiwo ezine zokwenziwa zohlobo lwe-reef kwiindawo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo kwi-Vigo EstuaryUmbukeli ongaphantsi kwamanzi e-A Laxe, owaziwa ngokuba yiNautilus, kunye nePeiraos do Solpor, kuluntu lwaseBouzas. Ezi azizoindawo ezikhethwe ngokungacwangciswanga, kodwa ziindawo apho umsebenzi wezibuko unzima khona kodwa apho ubukho beehashe zaselwandle bufunyenwe khona, kunye namathuba okufumana indawo yokuhlala.
Ezi ndawo ziza kuvavanywa iimodeli ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zezakhiwo ezinokubolaInjongo yayikukuthelekisa ukuba zeziphi ezibonelela ngeemeko ezilungileyo njengendawo yokukhosela kunye nendawo yokuma kwiisampuli. Izixhobo kunye noyilo ziye zafundwa ukuze zilinganise, ngokusondeleyo, ubume kunye nemilo yezityalo zaselwandle zendalo, ezifana neengca zolwandle kunye neephanerogams.
Izakhiwo kufuneka zihlangabezane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo: zihambelane nokuguquguquka kwemijelo yemilambo yomlambo, zithande ukuhlanganiswa kwendalo kwezinto eziphilayo, kwaye zivumele iihashe zaselwandle ukuba zinamathele kwaye zizimele. Ingcinga kukuba ziya kusebenza njenge "zindlu ezenzelwe wena" ezi ntlanzi.kodwa ngaphandle kokuyeka ukudibana nenkqubo yendalo iyonke kwaye ngaphandle kokudala iimpembelelo ezimbi elwandle.
Nangona umsebenzi wazo oyintloko ikukubonelela ngendawo yokusabela kwiihashe zaselwandle, kulindeleke ukuba ezi ngqaqa zokwenziwa zihlale kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezilwanyana. Amava angaphambili afana neprojekthi yeNaturPorts okanye iindawo zokutyela eziphumeleleyo kwiMeditera Sele bebonisile ukuba olu hlobo lweziseko lunokugcina iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingaphezu kwe-150, ukusuka kwiintlanzi ezincinci ukuya kwiimollusk kunye neentlanzi ezincinci.
Kule meko, iindawo zokukhosela ezintsha zase-A Laxe naseBouzas zinqwenela ukuba iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu zizinto eziphilayo ngaphakathi kwezibuko ngokwaloukuvelisa ukutya nokukhusela kungekuphela nje kwiihashe zaselwandle, kodwa nakwinxalenye enkulu yoluntu lwaselwandle lwasekuhlaleni.
Iprojekthi ehlelwe ngokwezigaba: ukusuka kuyilo ukuya ekujongeni phantsi kwamanzi
I-HIPPO-REF iphuhliswe ngamanqanaba aliqela ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingqaqa zokwenziwa ziyasebenza kwaye zikhuselekile. Kwinqanaba lokuqala, iinkcukacha ezineenkcukacha eziphantsi kwamanzi zendawo yokuhlala kwiindawo ezikhethiweyoOku kuquka ukuhlalutya uhlobo lolwandle, ubunzulu, ubunzulu bomsinga, usawoti kunye nezinye izinto ezichaphazela ubukho kunye nokuziphatha kweehashe zaselwandle.
Ngolo lwazi, iqela lezenzululwazi nezobugcisa lichaza uyilo lokugqibela lwezakhiwo: iimilo, imingxunya, uburhabaxa bomphezulu kunye neendawo ezixhasayo ezenza kube lula ukuba izilwanyana zikwazi ukubamba umsila wazo oqhelekileyo. Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ziyabola kwaye zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo., kulandela imigaqo yozinzo ebekwe yiManyano yaseYurophu kunye neGunya leZibuko ngokwalo.
Nje ukuba iingqaqa zifakwe, isigaba sokujonga siyaqala. Oku kulandelayo kucwangcisiwe: ukuntywila rhoqo ngenyanga kunye nabantywili abakhethekileyoincediswe ziikhamera ezingaphantsi kwamanzi kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokujonga, ukurekhoda ubukho beehashe zaselwandle kunye nezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana ezihlala kwizakhiwo.
Ngexesha lotyelelo, abaphandi abayi kubhala nje kuphela inani labantu kodwa kunye nokuziphatha kwabo, ukusebenzisa kwabo iindawo zokuhlala, kwaye, apho kunokwenzeka, impumelelo yokuzala kwezibini ezizinze apho. Injongo kukufumanisa ukuba izakhiwo zisebenza "njengeenkulisa" ezisebenzayo zeefry kunye nokuba zinegalelo na ekuzinziseni nasekunyuseni uluntu lwasekuhlaleni.
Lonke olo sebenzi lwasentsimini luya kuguqulelwa kwi ingxelo yobugcisa malunga nokusebenza kwendalo kweengqaqa zokwenziwakulindeleke ukuba igqitywe ngasekupheleni konyaka. Elo xwebhu liza kuba ngundoqo ekugqibeni ukuba ngaba imodeli ingaphinda iphindwe kwaye yandiswe kwezinye iindawo ecaleni komlambo okanye nakwezinye izibuko eSpain naseYurophu.
Ihashe lolwandle, uhlobo lwesambulela kwiVigo Estuary
Ihashe lolwandle lithathwa zizazinzulu njengehashe iintlobo zesambulela kunye nesalathiso somgangatho wokusingqongileyoXa inani lazo lihlala lizinzile kwaye lisempilweni, kudla ngokuba luphawu lokuba inkqubo yendalo yaselwandle ejikelezileyo isebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje inani lazo liye lehla kwiindawo ezininzi eziselunxwemeni ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kweendawo zokuhlala, ungcoliseko, kunye nokubanjwa kwezilwanyana ngengozi.
KwiVigo Estuary, iirekhodi ezivela kwiPort kunye ne-IIM-CSIC zibonisa ukuba Olu hlobo lusekho, kodwa lunenani elincinci nelibuthathaka.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwabalwa iisampulu ezifikelela kwi-15 kwindawo yezibuko, inani elincinci kodwa elibalulekileyo xa kujongwa uxinzelelo lwabantu kule ndawo. Inxalenye yolu nyuko luncinci ibangelwa kukuphucuka komgangatho wamanzi kunye nokubuyiselwa kolwandle.
Iihashe zaselwandle ziyafuna iindawo zokubambelela ekufuneka uzibambe Ngemisila yazo elungele ukushukuma, zisebenzisa ezi zakhiwo ukondla, ukuzala, nokuzikhusela kwimisinga. Zidla ngokusebenzisa i-algae, iingca zolwandle ezifana ne-eelgrass, okanye izakhiwo zendalo eziphantsi kolwandle. Kwi-estuary, iisampulu zithathwe kwi-eelgrass kunye ne-kelp meadows, ezizikhusela kwizilwanyana ezizingelayo kunye namaza.
Ingxaki kukuba uninzi lwala madlelo lonakaliswe okanye lonakaliswe lutshintsho lwemozulu, ukugutyungelwa komhlaba, ungcoliseko, kunye nokwakhiwa konxweme. Ukulahleka kwezi ndawo zokuhlala kushiye iihashe zaselwandle zingenazo iindawo ezifanelekileyo zokuzincamathela., nto leyo enciphisa amandla azo okusinda nokuzala ngempumelelo.
Ngenxa yesi simo, iingqaqa zokwenziwa ze-HIPPO-REF ziboniswa njengenyathelo elingxamisekileyo lokubonelela ngeendawo ezintsha zokubalekela kwiindawo eziguqulwe kakhulu yimisebenzi yabantu. Ukuba zisebenza njengoko bekucwangcisiwe, Zingathintela ukuncipha okuqinisekileyo kweentlobo zezilwanyana kwinxalenye esemazantsi eGalicia kwaye isebenza njengomzekelo kwezinye iindawo zokungena kwamanzi nemilambo yaseYurophu ezijongene neengxaki ezifanayo.
Ubunjineli bendalo kunye nesayensi kwinkonzo yomlambo
Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kule projekthi kukudityaniswa Ubunjineli bendalo kunye nebhayoloji yolwandleIingqaqa aziyilwanga kuphela ngenxa yamandla azo okwakha, kodwa nangendlela eziza kusetyenziswa ngayo zizinto eziphilayo eziza kuzikhusela engqondweni. Ubume bomphezulu, iindawo ezigobileyo, kunye nemilo iyonke yesiqwenga ngasinye ziyafundwa ukukhuthaza ukunamathela kwe-algae kunye nezilwanyana ezincinci ezingenamqolo, eziza kusebenza njengokutya kweehashe zaselwandle.
Izazinzulu zithi xa iihashe zaselwandle zikhuselekile, Iqela lonke leendawo zaselwandle ezinxulumeneyo liyakhuselwaUthungelwano lobudlelwane bendalo luyakhula malunga nezi ntlanzi, kuquka ii-crustaceans, ii-mollusks, iintlanzi ezincinci, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezixhomekeke kwiindawo ezifanayo zokuhlala. Iingqaqa zokwenziwa zingaba zii-node zokwenyani kolu thungelwano.
Ngaphezu koko, amava afunyenwe kwiiprojekthi zangaphambili ezifana neNaturPorts abonise ukuba Izakhiwo ezenziweyo ezenziwe kakuhle zingahlala kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingaphezu kwe-150Oku kwandisa ixabiso lazo kwindalo, kuba aziboneleli nje kuphela ngendawo yokuhlala, kodwa zikwanyusa ukufumaneka kokutya kunye nobunzima bendawo yokuhlala kwiindawo ezilawulwa lula kakhulu ngumsebenzi wabantu.
Iprojekthi ye-HIPPO-REF ikwayinxalenye yombono obanzi wechweba, apho Iziqithi zaseCíes zidlala indima njengendawo yokuzalela iihashe zaselwandleUphando olwenziwe yiSpanish National Research Council (CSIC) lubonisa ukuba ukusuka kwezi ziqithi, iisampulu zinokuya phambili ziye echwebeni, zisebenzise iindawo ezibonelela ngeemeko ezilungileyo zokuhlala nokutya. Kule meko, iingqaqa ezintsha ze-A Laxe kunye neBouzas zingasebenza njengezikhululo eziphakathi kule ndlela yendalo.
Intsebenziswano phakathi kwePort Authority kunye ne-IIM-CSIC ithathwa njengento ebalulekileyo kule projekthi. Indibaniselwano yolwazi lwesayensi kunye nolawulo lwesithuba sezibuko Ivumela ukuphunyezwa kwezisombululo zovavanyo, ukuba zivelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo, zinokudityaniswa kucwangciso oluqhelekileyo lwezibuko kwaye zandiswe nakwezinye iziseko zophuhliso zonxweme.
Ilebhu ephilayo yeeprojekthi zexesha elizayo eSpain naseYurophu
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezikhawulezileyo zehashe lolwandle kwiVigo Estuary, iHIPPO-REF ithathwa njenge ilebhu ephilayo yokuvavanya izisombululo ezinokuphinda-phindwa kwamanye amazibukoUkufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini elunxwemeni, ukuhamba kweenqanawa, kunye nemisebenzi yokwandisa amazibuko zizinto ezenzekayo kwiindawo ezininzi zaseYurophu, kwaye zibangela uxinzelelo olufanayo kwiinkqubo zendalo zaselwandle.
Iingxelo zobugcisa eziveliswe ngokubeka esweni iingqaqa zokwenziwa ziya kuquka idatha malunga amazinga okuhlala, impumelelo yokuzala, ukuhlukahluka kweentlobo ezinxulumene noko, kunye nokuguquka kweendawo zokuhlala ezincinciLonke olu lwazi luza kusebenza njengesiseko sokuyila iindlela ezintsha zokulungisa nokulungisa imigaqo yolawulo lwezibuko kunye nezikhokelo zobugcisa.
Ukuba amava eVigo abonakala elungile, abasemagunyeni bezibuko kunye namaziko ophando baqinisekile ukuba imodeli yeengxondorha ngokukodwa zeentlobo ezibuthathaka Ingathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe aselunxwemeni aneengxaki ezifanayo: ukulahleka kwamadlelo olwandle, ukuncipha kweentlobo zezilwanyana ezibonisa indalo kunye nesidingo sokulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwezoqoqosho kunye nokulondolozwa.
Ngaloo ndlela, ichweba laseVigo linqwenela ukuzihlanganisa njenge inkokheli ekusetyenzisweni kwezisombululo ezisekelwe kwindalo kwiindawo ezikufutshane nezibukoEli phulo liza kongeza eminye imizamo yokuphucula okusingqongileyo kwaye liqinisa umfanekiso wechweba njengendawo apho amashishini, ukuloba, ukhenketho kunye nolondolozo lwendalo zizama ukuhlala kunye.
Nge-HIPPO-REF, iVigo iguqula inxalenye yezakhiwo zayo zibe yindawo yokuvavanya ngokwenene ukubuyiselwa kwendalo yolwandle. Iingqaqa ezenziweyo ezenzelwe iihashe zaselwandle azigcini nje ngokukhusela uhlobo oluthile lwendalokodwa ukubonisa ukuba nakwiindawo eziguqulwe kakhulu kukho indawo yokubuyisela izinto eziphilayo ukuba isayensi, intando yezopolitiko kunye nocwangciso lwexesha elide ziyadityaniswa.
