- I-Arhente yaseSpain yamayeza kunye neeMveliso zezeMpilo (i-AEMPS) ilumkisa ngemiphumo emibi kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ngenxa yokudibana nonyango lwehomoni olusetyenziswa ngabantu.
- Kuye kwaxelwa amatyala eYurophu abandakanya izinja, iikati, kunye neehagu zeGuinea ezichatshazelwe yi-estrogens kunye ne-testosterone kumabala, iijeli, okanye amafutha.
- Iimpawu ziquka iingxaki zokuzala, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha, i-alopecia, kunye nokukhubazeka kokuzalwa.
- Iingcali zezilwanyana kunye nabanini kufuneka baxele amatyala kwaye basebenzise amanyathelo ococeko kunye nokukhusela ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
La I-Arhente yaseSpain yaMayeza kunye neeMveliso zezeMpilo (AEMPS) ikhuphe isilumkiso esijoliswe kubantu abafumana unyango lweehomoni ezisetyenziswa ngamayeza asekhaya abahlala nezilwanyana zasekhaya. Isizathu kukuba... umngcipheko wezinja, iikati okanye iihagu zeGuinea ezinengxaki yezempilo emva kokuba bedibene namabala eehomoni, iijeli okanye amafutha asetyenziswa eluswini lwabanakekeli babo.
Esi silumkiso asiveli kwimeko ethile, kodwa sivela kwi ukuqokelelwa kweengxelo ezivela kumazwe aliqela aseYurophuKukho amatyala abhaliweyo apho izilwanyana zasekhaya zafumana ukungalingani kwamahomoni emva kokuvezwa ngendlela ebonakala ingenabungozi. Ukukhotha, ukulala kwindawo enyangiweyo, okanye ukwabelana nje ngesofa kunokwanela ukuba iyeza likwazi ukudluliselwa ukusuka eluswini lomntu ukuya kwisilwanyana.
Isilumkiso esivela eYurophu: indlela isilumkiso esiphakanyiswa ngayo
I-AEMPS ichaza ukuba isignali ye-alamu yenziwe yasebenza emva kokufumana izaziso ezivela kwiziphathamandla zempilo zaseSweden, eJamani, eBelgium naseFinlandLa mazwe axele ngeziganeko ezininzi ze- iziganeko ezimbi kwizilwanyana ezihamba nazo inxulunyaniswa nokudibana ngokusondeleyo nabantu abanyangwa ngamayeza e-hormone angaphandle.
Kwiziganeko ezirekhodiweyo, abo bachaphazelekileyo ikakhulu izinja, iikati kunye neehagu zeGuineaowathi wabonakalisa iimpawu emva kokuba ukuvezwa ngokunganyanzelekanga kumayeza esikhumba okanye awe-transdermalEzi yayingezizo izilwanyana ezazisele iipilisi okanye iipakethe ezaphukileyo, kodwa yayizizilwanyana zasekhaya ezazihlala nje neebhedi, iingubo, okanye izitulo ezixhonyiweyo nabanini bazo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu nyango, olwenzelwe ukukhupha iihomoni ngolusu lomntu, lunokugqibela lubekwe impahla, amashiti, iitawuli, okanye iindawo zasekhayaUkusuka apho zidlulela eboyeni okanye eluswini lwesilwanyana, esinokuthi, ngenxa yobukhulu baso obuncinci kunye ne-physiology eyahlukileyo, sifumane idosi ephezulu xa ithelekiswa nobunzima bayo, eneziphumo eziphawulekayo kakhulu kwezonyango kunakwimeko yomntu onyangiweyo.
Kwimeko yaseYurophu, olu hlobo lwesilumkiso luyinxalenye ye ukubekwa esweni ngamayeza abantu kunye nefuthe elingathanga ngqo kwimpilo yezilwanyanaKwiSpain, ulwazi olufunyenwe kwamanye amazwe angamalungu lusebenza njengenkqubo yokulumkisa kwangethuba, oluvumela thintela amatyala amatsha ngaphambi kokuba imeko isasazeke ngakumbi kwintsimi yethu.
Indlela okwenzeka ngayo ukuchatshazelwa: "utshaba olungabonakaliyo" ekhaya
Ngokutsho kwe-AEMPS, ezi ziganeko zenzeke kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, nto leyo umniniyo angazange ayiqaphele kangako. Ezi meko zichazwe ziquka: ukukhotha kwindawo yolusu enyangiweyoIzilwanyana ezilala phantsi okanye eziphumle kanye apho umntu enxibe khona i-patch, okanye ezidibana ne-gel okanye i-ointment ezandleni nasezindaweni zasekhaya.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, umnini usebenzisa iyeza. njengoko ugqirha ebeyalele.Kodwa ke bayalibala ukuba enye yaloo nto isala eluswini okanye idluliselwe kwiishethi, ii-t-shirt, okanye iisofa. Ukuzibamba nesilwanyana ebhedini, ukuvumela inja ilale kufutshane nomzimba, okanye ukuyiphathaphatha ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakho kwenza oku kube lula. ukubonakala kwesikhumba okanye i-transdermal buthule yesilwanyana sasekhaya.
Iingxelo eziqokelelweyo zibonisa ukuba unxibelelwano olunye olunzulu alufuneki; ludla ngokubandakanya ukuvezwa okuncinci okuphindaphindiweyo ngokuhamba kwexeshaInja ehlala ilala kwicala elinye lesofa, ikati elala ecaleni komlenze apho kufakwe khona ijeli, okanye ihagu yenja elele emathangeni omnakekeli inokuqokelela iihomoni ide ifikelele kumanqanaba anokubangela iimpawu.
Le arhente ithi ezi mveliso zenzelwe ukukhupha i-hormone ngendlela elawulwayo eluswini lomntu omdala, kodwa kwizilwanyana ezincinci isiphumo sinokubonakala ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, nokuba unyango lusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo, kukho umngcipheko wokwenene ukuba amanyathelo okuthintela awaqiniswanga kumakhaya anezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Okubonwe ngonyango olune-estrogens
Elinye lamaqela amayeza adla ngokuchaphazeleka kakhulu ngala unyango lolusu olusekelwe kwi-estrogen, isetyenziselwa umzekelo ukunciphisa iimpawu ezinxulumene nokuya exesheninjengobushushu okanye utshintsho lweehomoni. Xa izilwanyana zidibana rhoqo nolusu okanye impahla ebezinxibe ezi mveliso, zinokubonakalisa iimpawu zokungazinzi. hyperestrogenism (i-estrogen engaphezulu emzimbeni).
En izinja neekati ezingamadoda Utshintsho kwinkangeleko nakwindlela yokuziphatha luye lwachazwa olubonisa inkqubo yokwenziwa kwamabhinqa abe ngabafazi. Phakathi kweempawu eziphawulekayo zezi gynecomastia (uphuhliso olungaqhelekanga lwebele), utshintsho kwizitho zokuzala kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha oluhambelana nomjikelo wesondo, izinto ezingalindelekanga ngokupheleleyo kumniniyo.
Kuye kwaxelwa amatyala apho Izilwanyana ezazisele zithenwe zibonakalise iimpawu ze-estrus. okanye iimpawu zomsebenzi wehomoni, ngokomgaqo, ezingafanele zenzeke emva kokubulala intsholongwane. I-AEMPS ikwakhankanya ukubonakala umona ongapheliyo kunye nokungabikho kophuhliso lwamasende kwizilwanyana eziselula, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukuchatshazelwa yintsholongwane kunokuphazamisana nophuhliso oluqhelekileyo lwenkqubo yokuzala ngexesha lezigaba ezibalulekileyo zokukhula.
Iingxelo ezinzulu zaseYurophu ezirekhodiweyo ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kunye nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kubasetyhini ababechatshazelwe kwii-estrogens ezisetyenziswa ngabantu ababanyamekelayo. Nangona amanani achanekileyo malunga nokuphindaphindeka kwezi meko engafumaneki, inyani yokuba ezi ntlobo zeengxaki zokuzala zibonakala ikhokelele kwi-AEMPS ukugxininisa imfuneko yokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko aqatha kwaye ungakuthabathi lula ukudibana kwezilwanyana zasekhaya nolusu olunyangiweyo.
Iziphumo ezimbi kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ezivela ekuvezweni yi-testosterone ephezulu
Elinye iqela elikhulu lamayeza agqanyisiweyo kwisilumkiso liquka unyango lwe-testosterone ngendlela yamabala, iijeli okanye amafutha okugcoba, asetyenziswa kakhulu ngamadoda ane- amanqanaba aphantsi okanye angekhoyo ale hormoneKanye njengokuba kunjalo ngee-estrogens, ukudluliselwa ngengozi kwe-testosterone eluswini okanye eboyeni besilwanyana kunokuba nemiphumo ebalulekileyo, nokuba umntu ulandela ngokungqongqo indlela emiselweyo.
Phakathi kweempawu ezibonwa kwizilwanyana ezityhilekileyo, ezi zilandelayo ziyabonakala: iziqendu ze-alopeciakunye nokulahleka kweenwele okubonakalayo kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Kunye nokulahleka kweenwele, oku kulandelayo kuchaziwe utshintsho olubalulekileyo lokuziphatha, njengokwanda kobundlongondlongo, ukucaphuka, okanye iimpendulo ezingalinganiyo kwizinto ezivuselelayo zemihla ngemihla.
Las Abasetyhini nabo banokubandezeleka yimiphumo ye-testosterone ezifunyenwe kwezi ndlela zonyango lolusu lwabantu. I-arhente elawulayo iqokelela izaziso ze iintsana ezinabantwana abancinci kunye namatyala e ukungabikho kwenzondeleloOku kubonisa ukuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka komjikelo wokuzala. Olu seti lweempawu lubonisa umfanekiso apho ukuchatshazelwa kwiihomoni ze-androgenic kunokuchaphazela zombini impilo jikelele njengokuzala kwesilwanyana sasekhaya.
Kwiimeko ezininzi ezibhaliweyo, kufunyenwe ulwalamano phakathi kweempawu zesilwanyana kunye nonyango lwehomoni lomnakekeli. ayizange ichongwe ekuqaleniKwaba kuphela emva kokuba ugqirha wezilwanyana ebuze ngokweenkcukacha malunga nenkqubo yasekhaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza asetyenziswa ekhaya apho kwasekwa khona ikhonkco. Ke ngoko, i-AEMPS ikhuthaza iingcali ukuba uphando ngokukodwa malunga nokuba kukho unyango lwe-hormone olunokwenzeka kwimeko yasekhaya xa ujongene neemeko ezihambelana nokungalingani kwe-endocrine kwizilwanyana ezibonakala ziphilile.
Imbopheleleko yokwazisa: indima ephambili yoogqirha bezilwanyana kunye nabanini
Ngenxa yesi simo, i-AEMPS isikhumbuza ukuba oogqirha bezilwanyana kunye nabanye oochwephesha bezempilo Banoxanduva lokuxela nasiphi na isiganeko esibi esirhanelwayo esinokuba sinxulumene namayeza, nokuba ayimveliso yokusetyenziswa ngabantu enemiphumo efunyenwe kwizilwanyana. Ezi ngxelo zenziwa ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ze-pharmacovigilance sele imiselwe.
Umbutho olawulayo ukwagxininisa ukuba Abanini bezilwanyana zasekhaya banokwazisa ngokuthe ngqo Ungaqhagamshelana ne-Arhente yaseSpain yamayeza kunye neeMveliso zezeMpilo (i-AEMPS) ukuba ukholelwa ukuba isilwanyana sakho sasekhaya sineengxaki zempilo ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa kunyango lwehomoni olusetyenziswa ngabantu abakwindawo okuyo. Le ndlela ivulelekile kuluntu kwaye ikuvumela ukuba... faka ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nento eyenzekayo emakhaya.
Ukuba nezaziso ezininzi ngokwaneleyo kubalulekile ukuvelisa ubungqina eSpain malunga nempembelelo enokuba nayo amayeza abantu kwizilwanyana ezihamba nazo. Ngale datha, abasemagunyeni bezempilo banokukwazi fumana iipateni, uvavanye umngcipheko ngokuchanekileyo kwaye, ukuba kufanelekile, hlaziya iingcebiso, izilumkiso kwiincwadana okanye nakwiimeko zokusetyenziswa kweemveliso ezithile.
Esi silumkiso siyinxalenye yombono odibeneyo wempilo, ocinga ukuba kukho ukusondela unxibelelwano phakathi kwempilo yabantu, impilo yezilwanyana kunye nokusingqongileyoKwimizi emininzi yaseSpain, izilwanyana zasekhaya zithathwa njengelinye ilungu losapho, ngoko ke indlela amayeza asetyenziswa ngayo ekhaya kufuneka ihlale ithathela ingqalelo impilo-ntle yazo. ntle kunye nokhuseleko.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo kwabo basebenzisa iihomoni ezifakwa emzimbeni kwaye bahlala nezilwanyana zasekhaya
Kunye nesilumkiso, i-AEMPS ikhuphe uthotho lwe amanyathelo okukhusela Ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wonyango lwe-hormone oluchaphazela izilwanyana zasekhaya, isincomo sokuqala kukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukuveza isilwanyana kunyango. chukumisa, ukhotha, okanye ulale kwindawo yolusu enyangiweyo kunye nepatch, ijeli okanye ioyile, ingakumbi ngexesha leeyure emva kokusetyenziswa.
Lo mbutho ugxininisa kwimfuneko yokugcina ucoceko lwezandla olucokisekileyo Emva kokusebenzisa iyeza, ukuhlamba kakuhle ngesepha namanzi emva kokulisebenzisa kunciphisa kakhulu ubukho bentsalela yehomoni ebinokudluliselwa eboyeni besilwanyana xa usiphatha okanye siphatha izinto zaso zemihla ngemihla, ezifana neebhedi, iintambo, okanye izinto zokudlala.
Esinye isilumkiso kukusebenzisa impahla egubungela ngokupheleleyo indawo enyangiweyoukuze ibala okanye umphezulu wesikhumba onejeli okanye ioyile ukhuseleke ekudibaneni ngqo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abavumela izilwanyana zabo ukuba zinxibe balale ebhedini enye, bahlale emathangeni abo, okanye baphumle ngemilenze yaboiimeko apho ukusondela ngokwasemzimbeni kuqhubeka ixesha elide.
I-AEMPS ikwagxininisa imfuneko yokulandela izikhokelo ezichazwe apha ngezantsi. kagqirhaUkusebenzisa imveliso engaphezulu kuneyayichaziwe, ukushiya isithuba esingachanekanga, okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza rhoqo kunokuba kucetyisiwe kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. i-hormone engaphezulu kumphezulu wesikhumbaOku kwandisa amathuba okusasazeka kwabanye abantu nakwizilwanyana ezihlala ekhayeni.
Okokugqibela, ukuba isilwanyana siqala ukubonakala iimpawu ezihambelana nokungalingani kwe-hormonal —ezifana notshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha, iimpawu ezingalindelekanga zobushushu, ukulahleka kweenwele, iingxaki zokuzala, okanye naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga—, ingcebiso kukuba uye ngokukhawuleza kugqirha. wezilwanyana kwaye unike ulwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga naluphi na unyango lwehomoni olusetyenziswa ekhaya. Olu lwazi lunokuba lubalulekileyo ekukhokeleni ukuxilongwa nasekukhetheni eyona ndlela ifanelekileyo.
Lonke olu seti lwezilumkiso, imizekelo, kunye namanyathelo okuthintela lujolise ekuphakamiseni ulwazi phakathi kwabo bahlala nezinja, iikati, okanye iihagu zeGuinea ukuba Amayeza e-hormone asetyenziswa ngabantu angaba ngumthombo wokuvezwa okuyingozi kwizilwanyana zakho ngaphandle kokuba ziqaphele. Ngemigaqo elula yococeko, ukhuseleko lwendawo enyangiweyo, ukujonga iimpawu ezinokubakho, kunye nonxibelelwano oluhle neengcali zezilwanyana, kunokwenzeka ukuqhubeka nonyango olumiselweyo, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, ukukhusela impilo kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwezilwanyana zasekhaya ezihlala kunye ekhaya.
