Kokuphi ukutya kwenja okugqwesileyo?

Abantu abaninzi bayixhalabele impilo-ntle yezilwanyana zasekhaya. Ngesi sizathu, sibathengela izinto zokudlala, iitrinkethi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sibanika enye yeminqweno yethu. Kwakhona umdlalo, i-caress kunye nemfundo zibalulekile kumhlobo wethu onoboya ukuba uphile kwaye ukhululeke. Ngokuphathelele ukutya, Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwiimarike kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukukhetha ukhetho olungcono kwisilwanyana sethu. Kungenxa yoko le nto siza kuthetha kweli nqaku malunga neenketho ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kwaye sincede ukugqiba ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto ilungileyo yokutya kwizinja.

Okokuqala kufuneka sizazi iimeko zomhlobo wethu othembekileyo, ekubeni Ngokuxhomekeke kwezinye izinto ezifana nesifo okanye ukuvalwa inzala, banokuphembelela ukuba yeyiphi isondlo esilungileyo kuye. Kufuneka sifunde ukwahlula umgangatho wokutya ngokutolika ileyibhile yokutya. Ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nesi sihloko, ukubala njani isixa esifanelekileyo kwinja yakho kwaye wazi indlela yokwahlula okona kutya kulungileyo kwenja, ndincoma ukuba uqhubeke ufunda.

Amandla ayimfuneko ezinja

Ngokuqhelekileyo, izilwanyana zitya ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zazo zamandla. Phakathi kwazo kukugcinwa kobushushu bomzimba, ukugaya, umsebenzi womzimba kunye ne-basal metabolism, eya kuba ngumsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo. Ngoku siyabona indlela yokubala amandla ayimfuneko ezinja. Ekuqalekeni kusenokubonakala kuntsonkothile, kodwa xa sele siyiqondile inkqubo, akunjalo.

1. Okokuqala kufuneka sibale iimfuno zamandla okuphumla (RER).
   I-RER (kcal/imini) = 70 x ubunzima bezinja ngeekhilogram ^ 0,75
2. Emva koko, kuya kufuneka ufumanise ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zamandla emihla ngemihla (RED).
   RED (kcal/day) = (F) x RER
   Inombolo F ihambelana nemeko yesilwanyana: Kwinja ehleliyo iya kuba yi-1,8. Ukuba umsebenzi ulula, uya kuhambelana no-2. Inja enomsebenzi ophakathi iya kuba no-F = 3. Xa umsebenzi unzima, inani ukusuka ku-4 ukuya ku-8 lisetyenziswa, kuxhomekeke kwindlela esebenza ngayo.
3. Okwesithathu, isicatshulwa samahhala se-nitrogen (ELN) sibalwa, okuyiyona nto i-carbohydrates egayiweyo.
   ELN (%) = 100 – (iprotein ekrwada + amafutha akrwada + ifayibha ekrwada + uthuthu + ukufuma)
   Olu lwazi lunokufumaneka kwiphakheji yokutya kwicandelo elithi "Analytical Components". Kwezinye iimeko, ipesenti yokufuma ayiboniswa. Xa oku kusenzeka, sifaka phakathi kwe-8 kunye ne-10% yokufuma.
4. Okulandelayo, lixesha lokufumana amandla e-metabolized (EM).
   ME (kcal/100gr) = (3,5 x crude protein) + (8,5 x crude fat) + (3,5 x ELN)
5. Ekugqibeleni kufuneka sibale umxhesho wosuku.
   RED / EM = umxhesho wemihla ngemihla ngeegram.

Umzekelo

Ukuqonda ngcono olu balo lunzima, ndiza kukunika umzekelo wenja yam uDana. Ungumenzi wewayini wase-Andalusian obunzima bakhe buphakathi kwe-8 kunye ne-10 yeekhilogram. Ukuze kube lula ukubala, siya kubeka iikhilogram ezilishumi. Njengoko evalwa inzala, siyamondla i-brand ye-Hill's Metabolic - Weight Management, eyilelwe ukulawula ubunzima, kuba izinja ezivalelweyo zidla ngokutyeba. Kuba sele emdala kancinci, unomsebenzi omncinci, ngoko ke inani lika-F liya kuba ngu-2. Nazi izibalo:

I-RER = 70 x 10 ^ 0,75 = 393 kcal/ngosuku
RED = 2 x 393,64 = 787,28 kcal / ngosuku

Ngoku ukuba sibale iimfuno zamandla zemihla ngemihla (RED), lixesha lokufumana ukuba yintoni i-nitrogen-free extract (ELN). Kule nto kufuneka sijonge amacandelo okuhlalutya kwingxowa yokutya. Nazi ezo besizifuna kwi-Hill's Metabolic-Weight Managemente feed:

• Iprotheyini ekrwada: 25,3%
• Amafutha akrwada: 11,1%
• Ifayibha ekrwada: 12,9%
• Uthuthu olukrwada: 5,4%
• Ukufuma: Ayiboniswanga, sizakwenza icalculation nge 10%

Siyaqhubeka nokubalwa kwamandla afunekayo kuDana.

ELN = 100 - (25,3 + 11,1 + 12,9 + 5,4 + 10) = 35,3%
ME = (3,5 x 25,3) + (8,5 x 11,1) + (3,5 x 35,3) = 396,45 kcal/100gr = 3,97 kcal/gram
Umlinganiselo wemihla ngemihla: 787,28 / 3,97 = 198,31 grams ngosuku

Ukuqukumbela: Ukuze uDana alahlekelwe isisindo ukuba ukhuluphele okanye agcine ubunzima bakhe obufanelekileyo, kufuneka simnike i-198,31 grams ye-Hill "Metabolic-Weight Management" yokutya yonke imihla. Ukongeza, sihlala songeza ioli yesalmon ukuze siyinike incasa ngakumbi, ngaphandle kokuba ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi eluswini nasezinweleni. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kwezinye iingxowa zokutya kukho itafile ebonisa inani eliqikelelweyo ngokwesayizi yesilwanyana. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngokuthe ngqo isixa esifunekayo kwinja yakho ethile, ukusebenzisa le fomula yeyona ndlela isebenzayo.

Kokuphi ukutya kwenja okugqwesileyo? – Umgangatho kunye neentlobo

Ukubaluleka komgangatho wokutya kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto yokutya izinja. Kuchongwa ngoluhlu lwezinto eziphawulwayo kwisilwanyana. Ukwetyisa okusezantsi kuthetha urhudo kunye nevumba elibi kunye nelindle elikhulu. Kwakhona ukunambitha, oko kukuthi, ukuthanda ukutya, kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Oku kumiselwa ngumthamo wamafutha kunye neprotheyini kwisondlo. Inkukhu, umzekelo, isithako esilungileyo, kuba sithetha ukugaywa okuphezulu kwamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol ephantsi. Isalathisi esilungileyo malunga nomgangatho wesondlo yingubo. Xa iqaqambile kwaye imenyezela ithetha ukuba ukutya kulungile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, xa inja inja yomile kwaye i-opaque, umgangatho wokutya awulungile kakhulu ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-fatty acids.

Iimfuno zesondlo zezinja zixhomekeke kwiminyaka yazo, ubukhulu, umsebenzi kunye nobushushu bendawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutya okwenziwa ekhaya kubangela isifo sohudo kwaye mhlawumbi kukutya okungenakulinganisela, ngaphandle kokuba izixa kunye nezondlo eziqulethwe zibalwa ngononophelo. Namhlanje unokufumana zombini ukutya okumanzi kunye nokutya okomileyo kwiimarike. Zombini zigubungela iimfuno zesilwanyana, kodwa kukho umahluko phakathi kwazo.

ukutya okumanzi vs. ukutya okomileyo

Ukutya kwenja emanzi kuhlala kuza kwiitoti kwaye kunokufumaneka kwiivenkile ezinkulu, kwiivenkile zezilwanyana zasekhaya, okanye kwiikliniki zezilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, akukhuthazwa ukuba ukondle inja kuphela ngolu hlobo lokutya, kuba ngokuqhelekileyo ineengxaki ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okomileyo. Ukuqala, inja endala idinga ukutya okumanzi kakhulu kunokutya, nto leyo ethetha iindleko eziphezulu zezoqoqosho kumnini. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba ukutya okumanzi akumelani namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakuhle. Kufuneka kwakhona kukhankanywe ukuba ayinayo impembelelo ye-abrasive kwi-tartar eqokelela kumazinyo. Ngokuthwala amanzi amaninzi kunokutya, inja iya kusela kancinci. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuvumba kokutya okumanzi kuphezulu kakhulu kunokutya okomileyo.

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Ngokuchasene noko, ukutya kuyabiza kuba beyithengisa ngezixa ezikhulu kwaye inja endala kufuneka itye kancinci. Kwakhona bhetele ukumelana namaqondo aphezulu kunye inefuthe elibi kwi-tartar, oko kukuthi, inceda amazinyo acocekileyo. Ewe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibanise zombini iintlobo zokutya, ujonge ngokusondeleyo kwisixa esifunekayo sobabini ukuze ungagqithisi kwaye ugweme iingxaki zokukhuluphala kwinja yethu. Njengokutya, ukutya okumanzi kunokuba komgangatho ongcono okanye ombi kakhulu. Kule nto, imigaqo efanayo iyasebenza njengesondlo, esiza kuyibona kamva.

Iindlela zokubonelela ngokutya

Omnye umbuzo obuzwa ngabanini abaninzi linani lamaxesha apho izinja kufuneka zondliwe ngosuku. Kukho iindlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokondla izilwanyana zethu zasekhaya:

1. Beka ukutya kubo kube kanye okanye kabini ngemini uze ubavumele batye kangangoko befuna kangangemizuzu eli-15. Le ndlela ayikhuthazwa kwizinja ezidla-kudla okanye eziphakuphakuyo, kuba ziya kutya ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko zize zityebe.
2. I-Ad Libitum: Le ndlela ibandakanya ukushiya ukutya kufumaneka kwisilwanyana imini yonke. Ngaloo ndlela, izilwanyana zasekhaya zitya oko zikufunayo nangexesha ezifuna ngalo. Abanini beekati abaninzi benza ngale ndlela. Nangona kunjalo, akukhuthazwa kwiinjana, izilwanyana ezityebileyo okanye abo banotyekelo lokwenza njalo.
3. Bala umxhesho wemihla ngemihla kwaye unikezele ngedosi enye okanye ezimbini. Yeyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba inja yethu itya umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo suku ngalunye. Kwakhona, ukuba ngenye imini kufuneka uthathe iyeza kunye nokutya ngexesha elibekiweyo, kuya kuba lula ukulawula. Ukukhetha i-shots kufuneka sijonge ubungakanani besilwanyana. Izinja zohlobo oluncinci zidinga ubuncinci iidosi ezimbini zemihla ngemihla ngenxa yemetabolism ekhawulezayo kwaye zithintele ukuba zingakhathazwa yi-hypoglycemia. Kwelinye icala, izinja ezinkulu kufuneka zitye isidlo esinye okanye ezibini zemihla ngemihla ngenxa yomngcipheko wokuba babandezeleke kukuhlanjululwa okanye ukubetha kwesisu.

Kokuphi ukutya kwenja okugqwesileyo? – Ukutya okubhalwe ngugqirha wezilwanyana

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokutya kwimarike ezikhethekileyo kwizinja ezibandezeleka kuhlobo oluthile lwesifo, ukwaliwa okanye ezinye iingxaki. Oku kutya kufuneka kunikwe kuphela isilwanyana sethu xa siboniswa ngugqirha wezilwanyana. Okulandelayo ndiza kubhentsisa uluhlu lweentlobo zesondlo ezikhoyo:

• Isifo sesibindi: Inomlinganiselo omncinci wobhedu, unamandla amakhulu kwaye umlinganiselo weprotheyini uphakathi.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu: Inqanaba layo lamandla liphantsi, ngelixa liqulethe izinga eliphezulu leprotheni kunye nefiber.
• Ipancreatitis: Le nto ndicinga ukuba inamafutha amancinci.
• Isifo sentliziyo: Iphantsi kwi-sodium kwaye iqulethe inqanaba eliphakathi le-phosphorus.
• seswekile: Umxholo wayo wefiber uphezulu. Endaweni yoko, izinga lesitatshi liphantsi. Ukongeza, iqulethe iicarbohydrates ezithatha kancinci.
• Ukuqunjelwa: Iphezulu kumxholo wefayibha ezinganyibilikiyo.
• Isifo sezintso: Esi sondlo sonyusa amanzi esilwanyaneni kwaye sineprotein ephantsi kunye nomxholo we phosphorus.
• I-Osteoarthritis: Inqanaba layo lamandla liphantsi kwaye liqukethe i-chondroprotectors, njenge-collagen, ukukhusela amalungu.
• Iingxaki zokugaya: I-Palatability kunye ne-digestibility iphezulu kakhulu kolu hlobo lokutya. Ukongeza, ithwala izikhuseli zokugaya.
• isifo somchamo: Yandisa umthamo wamanzi, iphantsi kwe-magnesium, kwaye yehlisa umchamo pH.
• Ukutya komzimba: Yahlula kwezinye ukutya ngokuthwala iiprotheni ezingaqhelekanga kunye ne-hydrolyzed.
• Ukuphucula: Ukuchithwa kwesi sondlo kulula kwaye kunencasa ephezulu, ukucola kunye namandla.
• Izifo zamazinyo: Ngenxa yobume bayo kunye nokuthungwa kwayo, iyanciphisa ukubunjwa kwetartar kumazinyo ngokusebenzisa umphumo wokuxubha.
• Abanye: Kukwakho nokutya kwezifo zeatopic okanye izithomalalisi zeentlungu ezine-tryptophan.

Ukuba inja yakho ikhathazwa nakweyiphi na i-pathologies ekhankanywe ngasentla, ukukhetha ukutya okuhambelanayo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yenja yakho. Ngaphandle kokulibala ukuthetha nogqirha wezilwanyana kwangaphambili kwaye usivavanye ngaphambili isilwanyana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zondlo azisinyangi isifo, zinceda kuphela isilwanyana ukuba sijamelane kakuhle nayo, ngaphandle kokutyeba. Kwimeko yokugqibela, ukutya okukhethekileyo okulawulwa kwisixa esaneleyo kubangela ukuba inja ilahlekelwe isisindo, nje ukuba inganikwa iibhiskithi kunye nezinye ezongezelelweyo.

Kokuphi ukutya kwenja okugqwesileyo?

Ngoku siza kumbuzo omkhulu: Yintoni ukutya kwenja engcono? Ukuba isilwanyana sethu sisempilweni, sinoluhlu olubanzi lokutya "okuqhelekileyo" ukukhetha. Ukuze sikhethe okona kutya kusemgangathweni ngokwezoqoqosho, kufuneka siyazi indlela yokubona umgangatho wako. Kukho amaqela amane ewonke ahlula isondlo ngokomgangatho wako:

1. iprimiyamu ephezulu: Le yeyona nto ingcono ndicinga ukuba ikhona. Ukuwela kolu didi, izithako ezintathu zokuqala kufuneka zibe yinyama. Ngokubanzi, iindleko zoqoqosho zihlala ziphezulu kakhulu.
   Imizekelo: "Acana", "Orijen"
2. Premium: Iifidi zePremium sele zifikeleleka ngakumbi kwaye umgangatho wazo usemhle kakhulu. Kule meko, izithako ezimbini zokuqala ziyinyama.
   Imizekelo: "Ithuku lokwenyani", "Taste of the wild"
3. Uluhlu oluphakathi: Kule meko sele sithetha malunga nokutya okufikelelekayo, kodwa kuphela isithako sokuqala yinyama.
   Imizekelo: "Inja yasebukhosini"
4. Uluhlu oluphantsi: Oku kutya kuxhaphake kakhulu kwiivenkile ezinkulu kwaye zenza okona kutya kusemgangathweni. Zilula ukuzibona kuba isithako sokuqala asiyonyama.
   Imizekelo: "Friskies"

Sinokulufumana phi olu lwazi? Ewe, kulula kakhulu, kwileyibhile yokutya. Ngokomthetho, kufuneka babeke izithako ngokulandelelana kobuninzi babo. Oko kukuthi: Ukutya kokuqala ekubekayo, umzekelo inkukhu, sesona sithako sininzi kweso sondlo. Ukutolika ileyibhile, kufuneka sijonge ukwakheka, izongezo kunye namacandelo ohlalutyo, amele iipesenti. Ngale nto sele sithathe inyathelo lokuqala lokufumanisa ukuba kukuphi ukutya okulungileyo kwezinja.

Imiba yokuvavanya

Okokuqala kufuneka sijonge uhlobo lweprotheyini edityanisiweyo ekutyeni. Ngokufanelekileyo, inokuba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zenyama kwaye yenziwe phakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-40% yazo. Kule meko, inokuba ifanelekile ukuba isetyenziswe ngabantu.

Después Kufuneka ubeke ingqalelo kunyango lwenyama. Xa kufikwa kumgubo, kuthetha ukuba yenziwe ngeemveliso kunye nemveliso yemvelaphi yezilwanyana, nto leyo inciphisa umgangatho wayo. Kukwakho nenyama eyomileyo okanye eyomileyo. Ukuba ulungiso lulungile, umgangatho unjalo. Olu hlobo lwenyama esetyenzisiweyo ludla ngokuba kwisondlo se-super premium. Kukhethwa ukuba iqulethe kuphela i-25% yenyama eyomileyo kune-40% yenyama entsha. Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ingcono kakhulu yinyama egxininisiweyo.

Ngoku siphendukela kwii-cereals. Owona mthombo wokutya kufuneka ube yirayisi, kuba umbona kunzima ukwetyisa kwaye unokubangela iallergies. I-cereal ekufuneka siyiphephe yingqolowa, kuba umgangatho wayo uphantsi kwaye izinja ezininzi aziyinyamezeli.

Nanini na kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukuphepha oko kubizwa ngokuba "zimveliso". Le yinkcitho yonke yezilwanyana okanye imifuno engafanelanga kutyiwa ngabantu, njengamehlo, imilomo, imilenze, iintsiba, amagqabi, njl.

Gqibela kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke iliso kwindlela yokuvelisa ukutya. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo:

1. Ibhakiwe: Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iibhiskithi zezinja kunye nezimuncumuncu. Kubandakanya umoya omninzi, nto leyo ethoba kakhulu umgangatho wokutya.
2. Extrusion: I-extrusion idibanisa ukushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukwenza uhlobo lwe-croquette. Le nkqubo ikwandisa ukugaya kunye nokuhambelana kwezithako. Emva koko, ifafazwa ngokugqunywa ngamafutha ukuze yandise incasa. Njengoko ingumxhesho oyinyumba kunye nokufuma okuphantsi, igcinwa ngcono.
3. Igranulated: Ngale ndlela kufunyanwa ukutya okukumgangatho ophantsi. Ngumatshini obumba ukutya kwaye ukugqume ukuze kukunike ukungaguquguquki. Ukwetyisa akulunganga.

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Isishwankathelo sinokuthi eyona miba ibalulekileyo yokufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto ilungileyo yokutya kwezinja zezi zilandelayo:

• Inyama egxininisiweyo okanye engenamanzi.
• Irayisi kufuneka ibe kuphela kwecereal ekhoyo.
• Iivithamini okanye iiminerali kufuneka ziphume kwimithombo yendalo.
• Ingqolowa mayingabi phakathi kwezithako ezithathu zokuqala.

Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku likuncede ukuba ukhethe ukutya okufanelekileyo kwinja yakho. Ukuba usenamathandabuzo, kusoloko kucetyiswa ukuba uye kugqirha wezilwanyana ukuze ufumane iingcebiso. Noko ke, ukwazi ukwahlula ukutya okukumgangatho ophantsi kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Ngokubhekiselele kwixabiso lezoqoqosho kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, kungcono ukutyala imali encinci ekondleni isilo-qabane sethu ukuthintela iingxaki zempilo zexesha elizayo zesilwanyana kunye neendleko zonyango lwezilwanyana ezibandakanyiweyo.