salamanders

Kwizilwanyana zasemanzini ezikhoyo, intulo yenye yezo ziqhelanisa kakuhle nobomi ekuthinjweni kwaye inokuba lukhetho oluhle lwesilo-qabane.

Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ngaphambili injani intulo, apho ivela khona, zeziphi iintlobo ze-salamander ezikhoyo kunye neemfuno zokutya, ukuzala, njl. Ingaba udinga ntoni.

Iimpawu ze salamanders

Intulo yi amphibian encinane ukuba Ngokuqhelekileyo ayidli ngaphezu kwe-30 centimeters kakhulu ngobude, ukuba kuphela ezinye zeentlobo ezifikelela kuzo kwaye zinkulu, ngokuncinci kakhulu, kwezo sentimitha. Inobunzima obumalunga ne-19 grams, nangona kukho iindidi ezinokuba zikhulu njengengwenya kwaye zinobunzima obungama-64 kilos.

Inemilenze yangasemva nengaphambili yenziwe yiminwe emine, ngelixa imilenze yangasemva inemihlanu. Zimfutshane kakhulu, kodwa zinde ngokwaneleyo ukuba ujikeleze kwaye ubaleke ngokukhawuleza. Ukongeza, zikwasetyenziselwa ukuqubha. Kunye nezi, inomzimba osuka emazantsi entloko uye emsileni wayo, uyilo olude kwaye ugqunywe yinwebu eyenza ulusu lwayo lubonakale lubhityile kwaye lubengezele. Ayinazo izikali, kodwa inazo Inombhinqo we-pelvic we-cartilaginous. Yiloo nto evumela ukuba ibe bhetyebhetye kakhulu.

Ngokuphathelele intloko, ibanzi kakhulu xa ithelekiswa nomzimba, kwaye ithe tyaba. Inomlomo ogobileyo onamazinyo kunye nolwimi olude, oluncangathi elusebenzisayo ukubamba ixhoba layo kwaye ilisondeze kulo ukuze liqwenge.

Umahluko okhoyo phakathi intulo oyindoda kunye nobuxoki ababhinqileyo, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kumzimba. Ngelixa indoda inomzimba ophucukileyo nobhityileyo, imazi idla ngokuba nkulu, ityebile, yomelele kwaye inde.

Uhlalaphi

Uninzi lwe iintlobo salamander zihlala ikakhulu eMelika, ngasentla nasezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo, zikwafumaneka nakwezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezifana neAfrika, iYurophu, iAsia okanye iRashiya.

Indawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo ithetha ukuba umswakama uphezulu kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kwiindawo apho kukho amanzi kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, banokukhuselwa kwingqele okanye kwezinye izilwanyana, njengeendawo ezinamagatsha, iziqu, njl. Indawo yayo efanelekileyo iya kuba, ngoko ke, ihlathi, indawo ekufutshane nomlambo, intsimi yeziqhamo, idlelo, njl.

Bachitha imini efihliweyo kwaye kusebusuku xa besebenza kakhulu, mhlawumbi baya kuzingela okanye baphume baye kuphanda.

iintlobo salamanders

Okwangoku, ziyaziwa, ngaphakathi kwe-caudates, oko kukuthi, i-salamanders, i-axolotls kunye ne-newts, Iintsapho ezili-9 ezahlukeneyo, ukongeza kwi-3 esele iphelile. Intsapho nganye ibandakanya iintlobo ezininzi, ngoko unokufumana oku kulandelayo:

• Ambystomatidae, eneentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezingama-37, ingakumbi eziphuma eMexico naseUnited States.
• Amphiumidae, ebunjwe ngeentlobo ezi-3, ezisuka kumzantsi-mpuma weUnited States.
• Cryptobranchidae, kunye neentlobo ezi-4. Zii-salamanders ezinkulu, eziseJapan, eChina naseUnited States.
• Hynobiidae, eneentlobo ezingama-66. Ekwabizwa ngokuba salamanders Asia ezifumaneka kulo lonke Asia kunye nenxalenye Russia.
• Plethodontidae. Yeyona ntsapho inkulu kuzo zonke iintlobo intulo, kunye 453 iintlobo. Zifumaneka ikakhulu eMelika, ukusuka eAlaska ukuya eBrazil naseBolivia, nangona kukho iintlobo ezihlala zihleli ezisuka eKorea okanye eItali.
• Proteidae, ebandakanya iintlobo ezi-8 ezahlukeneyo. Zaziwa njengeeproteyidi kwaye zihlala kuMntla Melika naseYurophu.
• Rhyacotritonidae, yenziwe ngeentlobo ezi-4. Zii-salamanders ze-Olimpiki, ezihlala kwi-Pacific Northwest.
• salamandridae, eyesibini ngobukhulu, eneentlobo ezili-116. Zifumaneka kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eAsia, eMntla Afrika nakuMntla Melika.
• Sirenidae, apho zidibana khona iintlobo ezine, ezisuka eUnited States nakumntla-ntshona weMexico.

idla ntoni intulo

Kuxhomekeka kokusingqongileyo apho ihlala, kwakunye neentlobo, ukutya intulo yahlukile. Ngokubanzi, intulo iyakuthanda ukuba semanzini, kodwa abanye abaninzi bahlala emhlabeni. Oku Itya ezinye izilwanyana njengoko isitya inyama. isebenzisa ulwimi lwalo oluncangathi ukungena kumgama ofanelekileyo wexhoba ukuze liyibambe. Ngokomzekelo, idla iintshulube, izigcawu, i-centipedes okanye i-slugs, izilwanyana ezincinci ezingenamqolo, njl.

Ewe intulo yamanzi, idla iintlanzi ezincinci, iileeches, amaqanda, tadpoles, amasele, njl. Iyaqubha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iphosa ulwimi lwayo emanzini, ngoko kunzima ukuba ixhoba libaleke.

Njengomntwana, intulo yokuqala itya iqokobhe leqanda layo kunye nezondlo ezijikelezayo. Nangona kunjalo, xa inkulu ngokwaneleyo, iqala ukutya izilwanyana ezincinci zasemanzini, ezifana ne-shrimp, kunye neplankton, amaqanda, imibungu yezinambuzane, njl.

Ekuthinjweni, intulo kulula kakhulu ukondla kuba ifuna kuphela ukutya okuphilayo nokuhambayo, njengeekhilikithi, i-silkworms, i-shrimp, intlanzi encinci, i-mosquito larvae, iintshulube, njl., ezifumaneka kwiivenkile zezilwanyana.

Ukuveliswa kwakhona

Ukwenza ukuveliswa kolu didi, into yokuqala efunekayo kukuba i-specimen ifikelele kwiminyaka yokukhula ngokwesondo, into eyenzekayo kwi-3-4 yeminyaka ubudala. Ukuthanda kwabo ukufumana inzala kudla ngokwindla, kuxa kushushu, kwaye bakhetha ubusuku bokuqhuba eli siko.

Ngelo xesha, inkunzi ikhwela phezu kwemazi ize iye ezantsi, ibrasha impumlo yenkunzi ngomqala wemazi.

Emva kokukhulelwa, imazi iya kuzala phakathi kukaDisemba noFebruwari, kunye ne ukubeka malunga ne-40-86 imibungu, zonke zikwinwebu ekhuselweyo. Ukuzala kwenziwa kwiindawo apho kukho amanzi kwaye, ngokungafaniyo nezinye izilwanyana eziphila emanzini nasemanzini, kwezi ungahlula intloko, umzimba kunye neziphelo zayo.

Intulo xa izalwa ngwevu kunye namabala athile metallic okanye brown kunye nesisu sayo esimhlophe. Njengoko ikhula loo mibala iyatshintsha, kodwa ngokucothayo kwaye kuxhomekeke kwimo engqongileyo kunye neentlobo eziyiyo. Ihlala emanzini ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-4, xa i-gill iqala ukunyamalala kwaye iphuma emhlabeni, ivelise i-metamorphosis eyenza ifane ngakumbi namacikilishe.

salamander curiosities

Intulo yenye yezilwanyana ezimbalwa ekwaziyo ukuzivelisa ngokutsha. Xa le silwanyana saselwandle siphulukene nelungu, okanye sonakaliswe, siyakwazi ukukhulisa elinye elitsha elisebenza ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ezinye izilwanyana ezingakwaziyo ukuyenza. Kodwa hayi nje loo malungu omzimba wakhe, kodwa namalungu afana nentliziyo yakhe.

Kukwakho nayo imizekelo enokuba yityhefu ngenxa yokuphuma kwesikhumba sayo esidibana nezinye izilwanyana ukuze siyikhusele.

Intulo ikwayenye yezilwanyana enxulumene kakhulu nokholo kuba kukho iimbekiselo kuyo eBhayibhileni ngokwayo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwee-paradoksi zebhayibhile, inyaniso yile Sisilwanyana esikwaziyo ukuziqhelanisa nayo nayiphi na imeko, nokuba kusendle okanye njengesilwanyana sasekhaya.