Esinye sezona zilwanyana zingaqhelekanga kwiqela lezilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini yi isele elikhulu. Luhlobo lwe-oviparous amphibian igama layo lezenzululwazi rhinella marina. Ikwaziwa nangamanye amagama aqhelekileyo afana neswekile, isele laselwandle. Yeyosapho lukaBufonidae. Idweliswe njengenye yeentlobo ezili-100 eziyingozi ezihlaselayo kwihlabathi.
Ke ngoko, siza kunikezela eli nqaku ukuze sikuxelele zonke iimpawu, umjikelo wobomi, indawo yokuhlala kunye nokutyisa ixoxo elikhulu.
Iimpawu eziphambili
Olu hlobo lwamaxoxo luneempawu ezikhethekileyo xa kuthelekiswa namanye amaxoxo aqhelekileyo. Yahlulwa ngezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Ulusu
Ulusu lwesele elikhulu lineentsumpa ezininzi ezisasazeke kuwo wonke umzimba kunye nenkangeleko eyomileyo. Uyakwazi ukubona ezinye iinduli phezu kwamehlo afikelela kwindawo yeempumlo. Iinyawo zabo zinemesh enenyama ebekwe kanye emazantsi kwaye iinzwane zikhululekile ngokupheleleyo. Ulusu lolu hlobo lwamaxoxo lunokuba nemithunzi engwevu, etyheli, eluhlaza yomnquma kunye nemdaka. Konke kuxhomekeke kwindawo ethile apho iphuhlisa khona. Isisu sesi silwanyana sinombala okhrimu owahlukileyo kumzimba wonke. Inamabala amnyama okanye amdaka ngebala.
Ityhefu yeToad Enkulu
Olunye uphawu lokwahluka kwexoxo kwezinye kwaye okugqamayo bubuhlungu balo. Kwinxalenye engemva kwamehlo anamadlala e<em>parotid akwaziyo ukukhupha ulwelo olumhlophe olwenziwe zizinto eziyityhefu kuyo nayiphi na isilwanyana. Olu hlobo lwedlala lwaziwa ngegama le-bufotoxin.
Onke la maxoxo, njengoko engoonoviva, sele enawo amandla okukhupha le tyhefu. Olunye uphawu olugqame ngazo ixoxo elikhulu kungenxa yobukhulu balo. Ludidi lwezilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini ezinobunzima obumalunga nekhilogram enye. Ikwankulu kakhulu ngokobungakanani. Ijikeleza phakathi kwe-10-15 yeesentimitha, nangona kukho ezinye imizekelo enobude ukuya kuma-24 centimeters. Kukho i-bipartisanship ngokwesondo eyenza ukuba iimazi zibe nobukhulu obukhulu kunamadoda. Elinye icala elinomdla kukuba imizekelo emikhulu idla ngokufumaneka kwiindawo apho kukho ukuxinana okuncinci kwamanye amaxoxo.
Indawo yokusasaza kunye nendawo yokuhlala yexoxo elikhulu
Esi silwanyana sivela eMelika kwaye indawo yayo yokusasazwa isuka emantla eMexico ukuya kwindawo esembindini yeAmazon kunye nenxalenye esempuma-mpuma yePeru. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuye kwenzeka Indawo yokuhlala ekhethwayo ebekwe kwi-ikhosistim enemekobume eyinkqantosi nemozulu yetropikhi. Kwindawo yawo yokuhlala yendalo, ukuxinana kwamaxoxo amakhulu akhoyo kuphantsi ukuba siyayithelekisa neendawo zokuhlala apho ziye zaziswa njengezidalwa ezihlaselayo.
Umzekelo woku yiOstreliya. Kulo mmandla, ixoxo elikhulu laziswa ngeenjongo zokukwazi ukulawula izinambuzane ezahlukahlukeneyo ezanda emasimini nakwizityalo. Nangona kunjalo, le ntshayelelo ibangele iingxaki ezahlukeneyo kuba luhlobo lwe-oviparous olungenalo naluphi na uhlobo lwezilwanyana ezizingelayo kuloo ndawo yokuhlala. Ukuba nesantya sokuzala ngokukhawuleza okubangele ukuba olu hlobo lubhengezwe njengesitshabalalisi. Uxinaniso lwaluphezulu kakhulu kwaye kwakungekho ndlela yokunqanda ukukhula kwabemi.
Ukuveliswa kwexoxo elikhulu
Siye sakhankanya amaxesha amaninzi ukuba luhlobo lwesilwanyana esivelisa i-oviparous. Oku kuthetha ukuba zizala emaqandeni. Ekuqaleni kwenqanaba ngalinye lokuzala, amakhwelo athile okuthandana aye enziwa ngamadoda kwiimazi ezikufuphi namadiba okanye imithombo. Eyona njongo iphambili kukukwazi ukutsala iimazi xa zikhwelana. Isandi esisenzayo siyamangalisa. kuba kukhululo olude olufana nengxolo eyenziwa ziinjini ezincinci.
Lo gama kukhwelana, inkunzi ima phezu kwemazi. Umbambe esinqeni. Esi sikhundla saziwa ngokuba yi-inguinal amplexus. Emva kokukhwelana, iimazi zibeka amaqanda azo ukuze inkunzi iwagqume ngedlozi. Imazi nganye iyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-4.000 ukuya kuma-36.000 kwiklatshi nganye. Oku kwenza ukukwazi kwaba bantu ukuba bavelise ngokubanzi kakhulu. Ukuba songeza kule nto ukuba e-Australia babengenazo izilwanyana zendalo, sinokusazi ngokulula ukuba kutheni ibe sisitshabalalisi.
Abanalo ixesha elikhethekileyo lokuzala, kodwa kwenzeka kabini kuphela ngonyaka. Amaqanda agqunywe ngento ebonakalayo, emnyama, enegelatin. Amaqanda aqandusela emva kweeyure ezingama-25-155. IiTadpole zithatha iintsuku ezili-12-60 ukuba zikhule.
Ukutya
Makhe sibone ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwesondlo olunaso ixoxo elikhulu. Njengeminye imizekelo yeentlobo zazo, zidla inyama. Ukutya kwabo kusekelwe ikakhulu kwi Ukufuywa kwezinambuzane, nangona ingatya kwezinye izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, iimpuku, iintaka kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezihlala emanzini nasemanzini. Ukuba ihlala kwindawo ezingezizo ezomthonyama, inokutya ukutya kwezilwanyana zasekhaya, inkunkuma yasekhaya, kunye nezityalo ezithile. Oku kuthetha ukuba amaxoxo angabahlaseli anokuba yi-omnivorous.
Ukuze ifikelele kwixhoba lalo, ixoxo elikhulu kufuneka libukele iintshukumo zalo ngokusebenzisa umbono walo. Ngale ndlela, inokukunceda ukuba ubambe ivumba ngevumba. Olu hlobo lwezilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini alupheleli nje ekutyeni izilwanyana ezingenamqolo kuphela, kodwa lukwatyisa ezinye izilwanyana ezinethambo lomqolo kwaye zinokutya inyama ebolileyo ukuba ukutya kunqongophele.
Isigebenga samaxoxo asilorhamncwa nje elinye. zikhona iingwenya, ingwenya kunye neenyoka phakathi kwezinye iindidi eziye zafunda ukukwazi ukuzingela eli chule ngaphandle kokuba ityhefu yalo liyazichaphazela. Umzimba yintaka esebenzisa indlela esebenzayo yokuginya ezi zilwanyana zasemanzini. Iquka ukubhukuqa ixoxo ukuze likwazi ukulitya lisuka esiswini. Ngale ndlela, iyayiphepha ityhefu yayo.
Ndiyathemba ukuba ngolu lwazi unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nesele enkulu kunye neempawu zayo.